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mirror of https://github.com/avinal/avinal.github.io.git synced 2026-07-04 07:40:09 +05:30

103 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
avinal 1bb34a512a typo fixes and improvements
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.3.2
rh-pre-commit.check-secrets: ENABLED
2024-12-02 01:59:21 +05:30
avinal 84d922ffdf blog: how to grow lilies
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.3.2
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2024-12-02 01:49:41 +05:30
avinal ac07c6d551 fix typo and update packages 2024-09-26 13:02:44 +05:30
avinal 7de0552895 fix typo 2024-09-25 21:43:18 +05:30
avinal 9fed144245 added new blog on grapheneos
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2024-09-25 20:39:32 +05:30
ImgBotApp 8a7416e5b9 [ImgBot] Optimize images
*Total -- 781.64kb -> 710.13kb (9.15%)

/blog/static/images/terminal-workspace.png -- 606.07kb -> 539.92kb (10.91%)
/blog/static/images/dog-using-terminal.jpg -- 175.57kb -> 170.21kb (3.05%)

Signed-off-by: ImgBotApp <ImgBotHelp@gmail.com>
2024-06-08 15:55:55 +05:30
avinal 7a3399a795 add terminal workspace screenshot
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2024-06-08 13:14:11 +05:30
avinal 0dbf1345c5 correct time issue and update packages
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2024-06-08 03:04:59 +05:30
avinal 26d4777488 add new blog on terminal tools
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-06-08 02:31:24 +05:30
avinal 1b32720c8c update npm packages
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-04-29 23:28:24 +05:30
avinal 775ed4cb2a add a new post
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-04-29 23:21:09 +05:30
ImgBotApp 01c8389e7f [ImgBot] Optimize images
*Total -- 3,477.76kb -> 3,447.78kb (0.86%)

/blog/static/images/redhat_logo.png -- 7.03kb -> 3.08kb (56.11%)
/blog/static/images/mks_logo.png -- 14.28kb -> 7.63kb (46.57%)
/static/logo-loading.svg -- 1.57kb -> 1.06kb (32.26%)
/blog/static/images/goladder.png -- 20.96kb -> 17.21kb (17.9%)
/static/logo-static.svg -- 0.51kb -> 0.49kb (4.17%)
/blog/static/images/avinal-meta.png -- 951.75kb -> 938.03kb (1.44%)
/static/apple-touch-icon.png -- 5.88kb -> 5.83kb (0.83%)
/blog/static/images/venus-flytrap.gif -- 2,475.78kb -> 2,474.44kb (0.05%)

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2024-04-01 07:26:01 +00:00
avinal 35ec52b22f remove image copy
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-03-31 12:18:23 +05:30
avinal 1e13894242 fix perf issues
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-03-31 12:09:15 +05:30
avinal 31a90cd19c reduce image size
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-03-31 05:59:33 +00:00
avinal c36e86ba2f update website
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-03-31 05:59:33 +00:00
avinal 05c967c5a8 fix homepage links and update information
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-03-30 13:36:20 +05:30
avinal d2c0f902d1 fix links and github action
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-03-30 13:20:30 +05:30
avinal d085c84d03 fix links and add image
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-03-30 13:06:18 +05:30
avinal 91d3d5df19 fix template
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-03-30 12:55:23 +05:30
avinal c8a95c9706 update netlify
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-03-30 12:52:07 +05:30
avinal 4bcef023c0 remove null deploy
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-03-30 12:48:20 +05:30
avinal 8d88cf03c4 update npm modules
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-03-30 12:47:13 +05:30
avinal a196ac4391 added hugo website
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-03-30 12:44:19 +05:30
avinal 1c20213cd4 remove blogs from elm, switch to hugo
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-03-30 12:42:14 +05:30
avinal 5a21dd69a8 move content to blog directory
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

rh-pre-commit.version: 2.2.0
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2024-03-30 12:41:22 +05:30
avinal e9ab9932be remove html-only site
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>

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2024-03-30 12:39:30 +05:30
avinal 3145afbf52 update netlify
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2024-01-21 21:59:01 +05:30
avinal f9d2b58db3 check concept
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2024-01-21 21:50:44 +05:30
avinal 046ad24d97 update about page
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-09-30 20:51:59 +05:30
avinal 26a9b72dff fix highlighting
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-09-30 12:31:37 +05:30
avinal 531a3c7f55 bump elm-land
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-09-26 20:25:21 +05:30
avinal ce8f46553c add new blog on logitech mouse
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-09-26 20:22:54 +05:30
avinal 222be5e44d fix date errors
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-09-26 20:19:31 +05:30
avinal c7da3e3388 fix sitemap 2023-07-20 20:35:22 +05:30
avinal 77ef0f8191 fix sitemap 2023-07-20 00:33:49 +05:30
avinal 2f0037ac98 add entry and image 2023-07-20 00:31:51 +05:30
avinal 38bcfeead3 add new blog 2023-07-19 20:27:18 +05:30
avinal 1168062168 page improvements 2023-07-19 16:49:00 +05:30
avinal a2cff8b6e0 remove concurrent build and add 404 2023-07-19 16:18:51 +05:30
avinal 2afb4b65b8 minor fixes 2023-07-19 15:58:47 +05:30
avinal 0bb902369f update sitemap 2023-07-19 15:53:12 +05:30
avinal 047aeb0b86 remove submodule and apply theme 2023-07-19 15:53:08 +05:30
avinal f4c5db16d2 Delete html-only/themes directory
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-07-19 03:29:26 +05:30
Avinal Kumar 8836b83c27 Update .gitmodules 2023-07-19 03:21:27 +05:30
avinal da864f840d change submodule 2023-07-19 00:01:37 +05:30
avinal 6365554a4f build and deploy for hugo 2023-07-18 23:35:32 +05:30
avinal a14f70123f change links to relative 2023-07-18 23:35:11 +05:30
avinal 5ebdf00472 time format improvements and word count 2023-07-18 23:34:46 +05:30
avinal 660f227a8f miscellaneous 2023-07-18 23:27:25 +05:30
avinal 97fdd892d5 fix and format frontmatter 2023-07-18 23:26:53 +05:30
avinal b5cea84e4d add hugo 2023-07-18 23:24:58 +05:30
avinal 82d2b002e0 add theme submodule
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-07-18 13:41:35 +05:30
avinal 4d49130e9c bump elm-land to 0.19.1
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-07-02 18:27:25 +05:30
avinal fcf7bc3ed3 add comment system to the blogs
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-04-18 23:03:05 +05:30
avinal 421bb616ec add about-me page and notfound page
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-04-14 19:27:13 +05:30
avinal b20d3de614 change time formatting
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-04-14 19:26:05 +05:30
avinal 35dc64bbbf fix yaml parsing error
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-04-14 19:24:31 +05:30
avinal b14eadbd6e add line numbers for code blocks
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-04-02 14:18:38 +05:30
avinal 05e332c727 fix image for proposal
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-04-01 19:35:15 +05:30
avinal 656e8277f9 fix error in url and add new blog to sitemap
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-04-01 19:20:11 +05:30
avinal 2d6f7f929f change appearance of the posts
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-04-01 19:16:19 +05:30
avinal 1fd232f751 remove redundant title from all the posts
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-04-01 19:15:02 +05:30
avinal 0851835bc9 add Gsoc proposal
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-03-30 21:29:21 +05:30
avinal 79ce59b499 dynamically updating mets tags
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-03-28 14:59:25 +05:30
avinal e6753e137d minor performance improvements
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-03-28 14:13:20 +05:30
avinal 8e3d4b408f add tekton results blog
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-03-28 14:11:55 +05:30
avinal 7e8dd5cdea fix image positioning
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-02-06 01:35:22 +05:30
avinal 50c630733a add new sitemap
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-02-06 01:34:58 +05:30
avinal 22fec59069 add robots and alt
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-31 00:50:35 +05:30
avinal 5194c4bacd add meta tags
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-31 00:36:05 +05:30
avinal 85c3881dcd fix hidden confirm button
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-30 23:57:37 +05:30
avinal 921f5ee883 add meet page and update image style
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-30 22:25:21 +05:30
avinal 7f4e4f5938 update posts data
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-30 22:24:22 +05:30
avinal 11bff197f6 add images
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-30 22:21:59 +05:30
avinal eae6b0d3f7 add gsoc posts
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-30 22:21:36 +05:30
avinal 6ddc56d3a7 refactoring few posts
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-30 22:21:17 +05:30
avinal dbd1dfec3a add date parser and refactor
- remove unused variables, methods
- move footer into a separate folder
- add date parser
- add datetime

Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-29 23:31:51 +05:30
avinal c8b58f6080 add category and minor improvements
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-27 21:07:57 +05:30
avinal c483f30cea fix goatcounter
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-24 17:06:51 +05:30
avinal c44d451467 fix issue with build
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-24 16:47:53 +05:30
avinal 3d99bcf3a9 update dependencies
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-24 16:43:48 +05:30
avinal b827a4b0f9 cleanup and minor fixes
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-24 16:43:32 +05:30
avinal c2adcaec6c add favicons and site manifests
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-24 16:42:07 +05:30
avinal 9a88c34745 move articles to static
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-24 16:40:54 +05:30
avinal 43e157885f remove unnecessary files
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-03 14:21:41 +05:30
avinal beb5acf322 add netlify
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-03 13:32:39 +05:30
avinal 961c1897c1 remove redirection
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-03 13:31:28 +05:30
avinal 87f2c7c2fa fix links
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-02 23:09:36 +05:30
avinal 9947b7580e add botton informations
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-02 23:01:29 +05:30
avinal 4d7ab38808 sitemap added
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-02 17:03:31 +05:30
avinal 1317e9249b Merge pull request #8 from avinal/avinal/improvements
Image related improvements
2023-01-02 16:26:56 +05:30
avinal 97f9a6e955 modify page to show images
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-02 16:24:26 +05:30
avinal 2abc42b79e add image links to yaml and json
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-02 16:21:50 +05:30
avinal e266508040 convert all images to webp
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-02 16:20:13 +05:30
avinal d0a2e82884 fix 404 redirection
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-02 13:03:25 +05:30
avinal 6e163ae9e1 Merge pull request #7 from avinal/avinal/elm-land-website
Add elm-land website
2023-01-02 12:55:00 +05:30
avinal 9133b0ebea fix github actions error
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-02 12:51:23 +05:30
avinal 6ee5f2f0bc rename wsl2-move to wsl1
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-02 12:49:28 +05:30
avinal 0b78d7a3e1 add github actions config
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-02 12:46:55 +05:30
avinal 28e6888a11 add static and content
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-02 12:45:57 +05:30
avinal 239c67da1c add new elm-land website
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-02 12:45:21 +05:30
avinal 0097117553 remove old vanila elm website
Signed-off-by: Avinal Kumar <avinal.xlvii@gmail.com>
2023-01-02 12:44:25 +05:30
199 changed files with 14017 additions and 10929 deletions
-60
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@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
# Sample workflow for building and deploying a Hugo site to GitHub Pages
name: Deploy Elm site to Pages
on:
# Runs on pushes targeting the default branch
push:
branches: ["main"]
# Allows you to run this workflow manually from the Actions tab
workflow_dispatch:
# Sets permissions of the GITHUB_TOKEN to allow deployment to GitHub Pages
permissions:
contents: read
pages: write
id-token: write
# Allow one concurrent deployment
concurrency:
group: "pages"
cancel-in-progress: true
# Default to bash
defaults:
run:
shell: bash
jobs:
# Build job
build:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Download and install elm
run: |
curl -L -o elm.gz https://github.com/elm/compiler/releases/download/0.19.1/binary-for-linux-64-bit.gz
gunzip elm.gz
sudo mv elm /usr/bin/elm
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/elm
- name: checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v3
- name: build
run: elm make src/Main.elm --output public/app.js --optimize
- name: copy content for seving
run: cp -a content public/content
- name: Upload artifact
uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v1
with:
path: public/
# Deployment job
deploy:
environment:
name: github-pages
url: ${{ steps.deployment.outputs.page_url }}
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
needs: build
steps:
- name: Deploy to GitHub Pages
id: deployment
uses: actions/deploy-pages@v1
+37
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@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
# Sample workflow for building and deploying a Hugo site to GitHub Pages
name: Check build
on:
# Runs on pushes targeting the default branch
push:
branches: ["main"]
pull_request:
# Allows you to run this workflow manually from the Actions tab
workflow_dispatch:
# Default to bash
defaults:
run:
shell: bash
jobs:
# Build job
build:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v3
- uses: actions/setup-node@v3
with:
node-version: 16
cache: "npm"
cache-dependency-path: ./package-lock.json
- name: Setup Hugo
uses: peaceiris/actions-hugo@v2
with:
hugo-version: '0.134.3'
extended: true
- name: Install elm-land and node packages
run: npm install
- name: build
run: make
+13 -4
View File
@@ -1,4 +1,13 @@
# elm-package generated files
elm-stuff
# elm-repl generated files
repl-temp-*
/dist
/.elm-land
/.env
/elm-stuff
/node_modules
.DS_Store
*.pem
/static/main.css
/temp
/blog/public
/blog/node_modules
.idea
.vscode
+27
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@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
# build everything for production
all: css build
@echo "--- production build finished"
# build only css for production
css:
@echo "--- building tailwind css"
npx tailwindcss -i ./src/input.css -o ./static/main.css --minify
# compile only elm for production
build:
@echo "--- compiling elm land project"
npx elm-land build
hugo --source blog --destination ../dist --minify
# compile and watch for dev
elm-serve:
npx elm-land server
# build css and watch
css-serve:
npx tailwindcss -i ./src/input.css -o ./static/main.css --watch
# clean
clean:
rm -rf dist
rm -rf blog/public
+2
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@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
# My Personal Website and Blog
+21
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
MIT License
Copyright (c) 2023 Avinal Kumar
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
+5
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@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+++
title = '{{ replace .File.ContentBaseName "-" " " | title }}'
date = {{ .Date }}
draft = true
+++
File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff
+541
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,541 @@
/*
! tailwindcss v3.3.6 | MIT License | https://tailwindcss.com
*/
/*
1. Prevent padding and border from affecting element width. (https://github.com/mozdevs/cssremedy/issues/4)
2. Allow adding a border to an element by just adding a border-width. (https://github.com/tailwindcss/tailwindcss/pull/116)
*/
*,
::before,
::after {
box-sizing: border-box;
/* 1 */
border-width: 0;
/* 2 */
border-style: solid;
/* 2 */
border-color: #e5e7eb;
/* 2 */
}
::before,
::after {
--tw-content: '';
}
/*
1. Use a consistent sensible line-height in all browsers.
2. Prevent adjustments of font size after orientation changes in iOS.
3. Use a more readable tab size.
4. Use the user's configured `sans` font-family by default.
5. Use the user's configured `sans` font-feature-settings by default.
6. Use the user's configured `sans` font-variation-settings by default.
*/
html {
line-height: 1.5;
/* 1 */
-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
/* 2 */
-moz-tab-size: 4;
/* 3 */
-o-tab-size: 4;
tab-size: 4;
/* 3 */
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---
date: "2023-01-01T08:00:00-07:00"
draft: false
title: Home
---
+7
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---
date: "2023-01-01T08:30:00-07:00"
draft: false
title: Posts
---
All the posts.
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
---
title: The Big Red Ants
date: 2012-02-27 22:47
tags: [ants, sav]
category: article
description: 'The Big Red Ants'
image: /images/ants.jpg
date: 2012-02-27T22:47:00
description: The Big Red Ants
image: /images/ants.webp
tags:
- ants
- sav
title: The Big Red Ants
---
# The Big Red Ants
In a bird's eye view if we see around us, ants are the common and
tiniest living entitiy seen by naked eye. One of them are the big red
ants, in my view they are unique from others in two ways, first they
@@ -1,12 +1,18 @@
---
title: प्रेम रतन धन पायो
date: 2019-09-21 15:47
category: article
tags: [love, article, hindi]
date: 2019-09-21T15:47:00
description: प्रकृति की सुंदरता और कलाकारी हिमालय की कण-कण में झलकती है। प्रकृति ने
प्रेम को भी हिमालय के जितना ही विशाल और अलौकिक बनाया है । ये एक अलग चर्चा का विषय
है कि हिमालय पहले आया या प्रेम। मैं तो प्रेम के पक्ष में हूँ । वो हर अणु-परमाणु
जिन्होंने इतने बड़ा पहाड़ खड़ा किया वो सब आपस में प्रेम से बंधे हुए हैं।
image: /images/fedora-night.webp
tags:
- love
- article
- hindi
title: प्रेम रतन धन पायो
---
# प्रेम रतन धन पायो
टूटता तारा देखना एक अलौकिक अनुभव है। हिमाद्रि के छत से आसमान कुछ ज्यादा ही करीब प्रतीत होता है । लोग सदियों से हिमालय को पूजते आयें हैं ।
दादा-दादी कहा करते थे ये जिंदा पहाड़ हैं । सारी बातें सुनते हैं लोगों की । उनके दुख दर्द दूर करते हैं, ये देवता हैं । आजकल जब रोज़ क्लास
आते जाते दूर पहाड़ों की चोटियाँ देखता हूँ तो उनकी विशालता का अनुभव होता हैं । एक पल को अगर ये मान लिया जाए की हमारी सारी धार्मिक किताबें
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
---
category: article
date: 2024-11-30T23:47:00
description: Plant your lilies, and let them teach you how to grow.
image: /images/soul-lily.webp
tags:
- Lily
- Despair
- Patience
- Gardening
- Plant
- Heart
title: How to grow Lilies?
---
Lilies, they say, are symbols of peace. But peace is not given; it is cultivated. Lilies demand
effort, patience, and faith - a willingness to confront the barren soil and nurture it back to life.
What follows is a guide to growing Lilies and a journey into a soul's quiet reckoning with despair.
## What Once Was and Will be Again
The garden was barren, its silence oppressive. The earth, dry and unyielding, clung stubbornly to
its lifelessness as though it had forgotten how to nurture, how to hope. It stood as a monument to
neglect, an expanse of quiet despair that seemed to whisper, Nothing will ever grow here again.
And yet, something stirred - a faint whisper beneath the desolation, an inkling that even the most
forsaken soil might still hold secrets of renewal. It was not certainty but a quiet rebellion
against despair, a defiant act of belief. The decision to grow lilies was made not with confidence
but with trembling hands, as if planting these flowers might coax life back into the hollow spaces
of the heart.
## From Ashes, We Rise
To grow lilies, one must first break the earth. Not gently, but with purpose—plunging the spade into
the hardened crust, forcing it to yield. Each strike dislodges fragments of the past: shards of what
was once beautiful, tangled roots of pain buried so deep they have become part of the soil.
The work is relentless. The ground resists, clutching its dead weight as though afraid of what might
take its place. But with each motion, the soil begins to soften. The air fills with the earthy scent
of transformation, a quiet promise that the past does not have to dictate the future.
This is where the lilies begin—not with planting, but with clearing. The garden must first be
emptied of its grief to make room for something new. It is an act of defiance and of hope, to
believe that this barren soil can one day cradle life again.
## Between a Rock and a Lily
The bulbs are unremarkable, their appearance betraying nothing of what they might become. Holding
them feels strange, as if they are too fragile to survive. And yet, there is a quiet power within
them—a promise waiting to be fulfilled.
Planting them is an act of faith and surrender, a quiet conversation between the gardener and the
earth. Each bulb is placed with care, its position a deliberate choice. It is not enough to bury
them; they must be cradled, surrounded by soil that is ready to nurture them.
And then comes the waiting. Beneath the surface, where no eyes can see, the bulbs begin their secret
work. It is a reminder that growth often begins in the darkness, in spaces where no light reaches.
## Tend the Flame, Not the Ash
The lilies require consistency. The soil must be tended to every day, watered with steady hands.
Some days, the water feels heavy in your palms, as if the weight of the act might be too much to
bear. But you do it anyway, knowing that without this care, the lilies cannot thrive.
The sunlight is capricious. Some days, it floods the garden, bathing it in warmth. Other days, it
hides behind thick clouds, forcing the lilies to stretch toward a light they cannot see. But they
adapt. Lilies have a way of finding what they need, even in the absence of abundance.
This daily ritual of watering and watching is its own form of prayer. Each drop of water, each
fleeting moment of sunlight, whispers to the lilies: *Grow, even if it feels impossible. Grow, even
when no one is watching.*
## This Too Shall Bloom
One day, the soil breaks open - not with a flourish, but with the quietest of gestures. A tiny green
sprout emerges, barely noticeable, a sliver of life against the vastness of the earth.
To the untrained eye, it is nothing. To you, it is everything. This fragile sprout is proof that
something is happening beneath the surface, that your labor was not in vain. It is the first sign of
life returning, the first whisper of hope finding its voice.
But the sprout is not strong. It bends with the wind, threatened by the weight of even a single
raindrop. Your instinct may be to shield it, to protect it from every possible harm. But lilies do
not grow in safety. They grow in resilience.
![Glimpse of the Lilies](/images/growing-lilies.jpg)
## The Idea is Not to Abandon Ever...Never
The garden is never free from trials. Storms roll in, their winds threatening to uproot what little
has begun to grow. Pests arrive uninvited, gnawing at leaves and stems as though testing your
resolve. The sun beats down mercilessly one day, only to disappear for weeks on end.
It is in these moments that you are tempted to despair, to abandon the garden and declare it a
failure. But lilies teach you that resilience is not about avoiding hardship; it is about enduring
it. When the storm passes, you clear the debris. When pests arrive, you remove them. When the
drought stretches on, you water the soil with your own tears if you must.
Each act, no matter how small, is a promise to the lilies: *I will not abandon you*.
## Bloom Where None Thought Possible
And then, when you least expect it, the bloom arrives. It begins as a tightly closed bud, hesitant
to reveal itself. Slowly, it unfurls, each petal a story of quiet perseverance. The bloom is
breathtaking, not for its extravagance, but for its purity.
Its beauty is unlike anything you imagined. It is not extravagant or loud, but it holds a quiet
majesty. The petals, soft and delicate, seem to hum with a silent strength. This bloom is not just a
flower—it is the culmination of every act of care, every moment of faith, every drop of water given
when it felt like too much.
The bloom reminds you that peace is not a permanent state but a transient gift. It must be cherished
in its moment, for its impermanence is part of its beauty.
## The Most Dangerous Thing About Me
The most dangerous thing about me is that *I don't know how to give up*.
When the storms tore through, I stayed. When the roots clung to the earth like they had a right to
its emptiness, I dug deeper. Even when the soil screamed that nothing could ever grow here, I
refused to listen.
It's not resilience—it's defiance. A stubbornness that borders on recklessness. I don't know when to
stop, even when the odds mock me. Even when it hurts.
Maybe it's toxic. Maybe it's foolish. But here I am, hands in the dirt, refusing to abandon what
could still bloom.
## Faith Buried, Faith Unfurled
To grow lilies is to embark on a journey of transformation. It is not about the flowers themselves
but about what they symbolize—a return to life, a reclaiming of hope. The barren garden, once a
place of despair, becomes a sanctuary.
The lilies do not erase the struggles that came before them. The soil still bears the scars of its
past, and the storms will come again. But the garden is no longer defined by its emptiness. It is
defined by its capacity to grow.
And so the lilies teach you their final lesson: Growth is not a destination but a process. It is a
daily choice to clear the debris, plant the bulbs, and tend to the garden—even when it feels like
nothing is happening. It is a faith that, with time and care, the lilies will bloom again.
## This is not my Recipe
I didn't write this. Or maybe I did. But I don't remember planting these thoughts. They feel
foreign, like letters rearranged while I wasn't looking, like whispers heard through the hum of the
wind.
I think they've always been here, whispering just below the surface, tugging at my hands when I
wasn't looking. They know things about me that I haven't told anyone. Things I've hidden. Things
I've forgotten.
Do you feel it too? The hum beneath the words, the tremor that isn't mine? It's as if the garden
remembers something I don't. It isn't just soil. It's memory. It's pain. It's despair. It's rebirth.
I wrote this, but I didn't write this. These aren't my words. But they're mine now, whether I wanted
them or not.
## Meet my Lilies
And finally meet my most beautiful lilies. I have named them **Blood Demon Lily** and **Light Mode
Lily**.
![My Lilies](/images/my-lilies.jpg)
Plant your lilies, and let them teach you how to grow.
@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
---
category: blogs
date: 2024-06-07T02:47:00
description: In January, I started switching to terminal-based tools and just
recently, I was able to use my terminal for most of my development work.
This blog highlights what tools I am using and for what purposes.
image: /images/dog-using-terminal.jpg
tags:
- terminal
- zellij
- neovim
- tmux
- zoxide
- lazygit
- fzf
- atuin
- alacritty
- starship
- toolbox
- toolbx
- gh
- zsh
- oh-my-zsh
- cli
- stow
title: "Echoes from the Shell: The Tools That Talk Back"
---
I started programming on a Windows machine about 6 years ago. I had just joined
college and had little clue about what tools to use and where to start. Slowly
I learnt new things and knowing more tools from friends, seniors, blogs and
YouTube. One thing was pretty common, almost everyone was recommending a Linux
based OS. I wasn't completely ready to switch, so I started using WSL2. WSL2
with Visual Studio Code were my daily driver for everything programming for
next 2.5 years.
## Linux loading
I got selected into Google Summer of Code in 2021 and the project I was
contributing to runs solely on Linux. So I finally left Windows and started
using Ubuntu. I was also a part of GLUG (GNU/Linux Users Group) in my college,
and that was one of the factors that motivated me to move. I used Ubuntu and
VS Code for next 1 year.
The next significant change to my setup came in 2022 January when I joined Red Hat
as an Intern. And the first task given to me was "Remove everything on your
ThinkPad and install Fedora". I used it for few months and then I switched to
Fedora on my personal laptop as well. After using Fedora for 2.5 years now, I
want to say Fedora is simply an excellent choice for students and developers
alike (until you intend to use Arch and burn the world).
## My current setup
![Glimpse into the terminal](/images/terminal-workspace.png)
*Note: Open the image in a new tab for better viewing.*
Currently, I am using Fedora 40 with Sway Window Manager and tons of terminal
based tools. Just to be clear, I am not a keyboard nerd, but it does get my
work done faster and non-intrusively. I use a mouse for a fair share of my work
(I own [Logitech MX Master 3s](https://avinal.space/posts/blogs/configuring-logitech-mouse-on-fedora/)).
I will now be explaining what tools I use and why I prefer them. You can
get additional information about them by simply an internet search as they are pretty
famous.
This is not a blog about replicating the exact setup. So I will omit the
obvious tools, i.e. ZSH, plugins etc. Rather, I will enlist the major tools.
I am going to divide my tools in few categories:
- Tools I use for development
- Enhancing Terminal capabilities
- Miscellaneous
## Tools I use for development
This will be a trivial section, there are thousands of articles and videos
on the internet that cover this topic. I am just going to add my two paise.
### Neovim
Well, I know. You are going to say "yeah, expected". But IIWII. I started using
Neovim as my primary development tool in January this year. It was a little hard
to get used to it, but once I got familiar it feels like a breeze. I switched
from VS Code because of how bloated it is getting. I do not want a superfast
editor with outstanding benchmarks and awesome features and customizability.
Those are secondary, but most of all, I don't like being distracted. With all the
new things getting into VS Code it felt like, just too many features than I
need. I totally love VS Code, it was my daily drive for 5 years but
I felt I needed something minimal, and minimal it is.
I did some hopping from one config to another in the last 5 months and finally, I
decided to configure it myself using kickstart repository and it works better
than ever. I am still learning how to get most out of it.
- [Neovim](https://neovim.io/)
- [kickstart-modular.nvim](https://github.com/dam9000/kickstart-modular.nvim)
- [Carbonfox from Nightfox.nvim theme](https://github.com/EdenEast/nightfox.nvim?tab=readme-ov-file#carbonfox)
- [My configuration](https://github.com/avinal/dotfiles/tree/main/.config/nvim)
### Lazygit
When I moved from VS Code to Neovim, the one thing I missed most was a GUI
git extension. Although I use git CLI for most of my VCS work, but having a
visual display is helpful, especially for browsing changes and going through
commit history. VS Code git extension is a great tool and lazygit almost
replaces that for me. It has exactly those features that I generally use.
Plus it is configurable, the default configuration is more than enough for
most including me.
- [Lazygit](https://github.com/jesseduffield/lazygit)
### GitHub CLI
Many people have mixed opinion about this tool. For me, it works best for
what I generally do. And no, it doesn't replace git for me, I treat it like
a snippet tool that does few things with minimal effort, which would otherwise
take multiple commands using git. Additionally, most of the development work
I do go to GitHub, so it helps with that as well.
I mostly use it to clone, gist, creating pull requests, navigating issues,
checking out pull request branches, creating new repositories, and sometimes
for getting workflow status/logs. I strongly recommend it if you are eager to do
more from your terminal.
- [GitHub CLI](https://cli.github.com/)
## Enhancing Terminal capabilities
This category is focused on supercharging the default terminal with advanced
capabilities like better prompt, multiplexing, configurable layouts, session
management etc.
### Alacritty
What is wrong with Gnome terminal? Nothing. It is fantastic and I still use it
for many tasks. When it comes to configuring your terminal and actually being
able to reuse your configuration across machines, alacritty simply stands out.
It has tons of configurations and I loved using it, so I switched to it.
- [Alacritty](https://alacritty.org/)
- [GitHub Monaspace Argon font](https://monaspace.githubnext.com/)
- [My configuration](https://github.com/avinal/dotfiles/blob/main/.config/alacritty/alacritty.toml)
### Zellij
This one is interesting and new. I started using tmux as most people do when
they want to increase the density of work in a single terminal. It works and
is configurable as well. But there are some shortcomings for tmux. It does not
let you save a layout and the session management is basic. If you restart, you
will probably lose your setup.
Zellij address these problems and includes many new features on top of it.
You can create a layout in advance and also define what commands should be run
on start. There is a native plugin system and you can write plugins in most
languages that compile to WebAssembly. The configuration is human-friendly
and you can have multiple configuration files.
Initially, most users face issues with zellij default key bindings because of
their conflicts with Neovim. I choose to use different leader keys for
different tools. Here is the setup I use after getting recommendation on Reddit.
- Neovim: Ctrl
- Sway WM: OS Key/Command/Win Key
- Zellij: Alt
I also heavily modified the default key bindings as I saw fit. The tool is in
active development with numerous features planned.
- [Zellij](https://zellij.dev/)
- [Zellij vs Tmux](https://github.com/zellij-org/zellij/discussions/1701#discussioncomment-3517152)
- [My configuration](https://github.com/avinal/dotfiles/tree/main/.config/zellij)
### Atuin
I have covered Atuin before in my [last post](https://avinal.space/posts/raspi/everything-on-my-pi/#atuin).
So this will be a brief mention here. Atuin helps you sync your command
history across machines and provides excellent filtering and retrieval. If you
need a backup of your command history, Atuin is a way to go.
- [Atuin](https://atuin.sh/)
- [My configuration](https://github.com/avinal/dotfiles/blob/main/.config/atuin/config.toml)
## Miscellaneous
This section focuses on the tools that aren't very common but they rather
are unique in their own way, and you can get extra superpowers.
### Toolbx
This is more like a virtual terminal environment where you can install tools and
packages without adding them to the host OS. For example, if you are testing
some software, or want to build a project but don't want to install in your
machine. Or even having multiple independent environment and multiple distros
to develop your projects. I find this tool very useful. If you have such use
cases, give it a try.
- [Toolbx](https://containertoolbx.org/)
### Fzf
fzf is a companion tool that provides you fuzzy finding capabilities for a lot of
common CLI tools. You can use it in a plethora of ways and the integration with
tools are countless. It also comes with an interactive interface. This is a tool
which I want to say, you will understand only when you use it.
- [fzf](https://junegunn.github.io/fzf/)
### zoxide
zoxide brands itself as a smarter cd command, and this is precisely what it does.
It remembers where you often go and helps you get there faster next time. It
uses an impressive algorithm internally to rank the suggestions based on your
use.
- [zoxide](https://github.com/ajeetdsouza/zoxide)
## Echos
Here is the list of all other tools and plugins I didn't discuss, but they
are a useful part of my daily work.
- [Zsh](https://www.zsh.org/)
- [Oh My Zsh](https://ohmyz.sh/)
- [Starship](https://starship.rs/)
- [telescope.nvim](https://github.com/nvim-telescope/telescope.nvim)
- [mason.nvim](https://github.com/williamboman/mason.nvim)
- [lazy.nvim](https://github.com/folke/lazy.nvim)
- [GNU Stow](https://www.gnu.org/software/stow/)
Please leave a comment, if you like reading this blog, or it helped you find a
good tool.
@@ -0,0 +1,406 @@
---
title: Configure Logitech MX Master 3S using LogiOps
date: 2023-09-25T20:47:00
category: blogs
tags: [fedora, mouse, "logid", "logitech", "logiops", "mx-master-3s"]
image: "/images/mouse-building.webp"
description: "I brought Logitech MX Master 3S mouse and it is a great mouse. It
has a lot of features and I am still exploring them. One of the features is to
configure the mouse using LogiOps. LogiOps is a command line tool to configure
Logitech devices on Linux distos."
---
I brought Logitech MX Master 3S mouse, and it is a great mouse. It has a lot of
features, and I am still exploring them. One of the features is to configure the
mouse using LogiOps. LogiOps is a command line tool to configure Logitech
devices on Linux distros, since Logitech provides official tools to configure the
mouse on Windows and macOS.
## Logitech MX Master 3S
Although I use keyboard shortcuts for most of my work, I still use the mouse a
lot. It is usually very helpful to have a good mouse, especially when you have
to scroll thousands of lines of code and documentation. This mouse features a
superfast scroll wheel that can scroll thousands of lines in a second. In total
there are 7 buttons on the mouse. The mouse can be connected to the computer via
Bluetooth or a USB receiver. It can also be connected to multiple devices at the
same time and can be switched between them using a button on the bottom of the
mouse. The mouse can be charged using a USB-C cable, and it can be used while
charging as well. You can see a 3D model of the mouse below. You can rotate the model using your
mouse or touchpad.
<iframe class="aspect-video w-full" title="Logitech MX Master 3 Mouse Black" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen
mozallowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" allow="autoplay; fullscreen; xr-spatial-tracking"
xr-spatial-tracking execution-while-out-of-viewport execution-while-not-rendered web-share
src="https://sketchfab.com/models/c15eda7cd7874423a8c31d55193b9ff2/embed?ui_theme=dark&dnt=1"> </iframe>
The best part about this mouse is that it is very comfortable to use and highly
customizable. You can customize most of the buttons and even extend the functionality
by adding gestures. You can also customize the scroll wheel and the scroll
direction as well as the DPI and the pointer speed. All this can be done using
LogiOps.
## Installing LogiOps
It is an open source tool with code available on [GitHub](https://github.com/PixlOne/logiops).
This blog post will show you how to install and configure LogiOps on Fedora. The
steps should be similar for other Linux distros and other Logitech mice as well.
You can directly install using `dnf` but for latest version, you can build from
source.
- Install the dependencies.
```bash
sudo dnf install cmake libevdev-devel systemd-devel libconfig-devel gcc-c++ glib2-devel
```
- Clone the repository.
```bash
git clone https://github.com/PixlOne/logiops.git
```
- Build and install.
```bash
cd logiops
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release ..
make
sudo make install
```
## Configuring LogiOps
In this blog post I will show you what buttons are available and how you can configure
actions (*keypress* or *gestures*) on them. Let us take a look at all the available buttons.
![Logitech MX Master 3S Buttons](/images/mx-master-3s-buttons.webp)
You can also get a table of available buttons, their CID and available features
by running logid in debug mode.
```bash
sudo logid -d
```
You can get output like this:
```bash
[INFO] Device found: MX Master 3S on /dev/hidraw4:255
[DEBUG] /dev/hidraw4:255 remappable buttons:
[DEBUG] CID | reprog? | fn key? | mouse key? | gesture support?
[DEBUG] 0x50 | | | YES |
[DEBUG] 0x51 | | | YES |
[DEBUG] 0x52 | YES | | YES | YES
[DEBUG] 0x53 | YES | | YES | YES
[DEBUG] 0x56 | YES | | YES | YES
[DEBUG] 0xc3 | YES | | YES | YES
[DEBUG] 0xc4 | YES | | YES | YES
[DEBUG] 0xd7 | YES | | | YES
[DEBUG] Thumb wheel detected (0x2150), capabilities:
[DEBUG] timestamp | touch | proximity | single tap
[DEBUG] YES | YES | YES | YES
[DEBUG] Thumb wheel resolution: native (18), diverted (120)
```
You can see thumb wheel has some cool features like touch, proximity and single
tap. Furthermore, you can configure these features in the configuration file. You can also
configure the thumb wheel resolution.
### Create a configuration file
LogiOps uses a configuration file to configure the mouse. By default, the
configuration file is located at `/etc/logid.cfg`. If you cannot
find the file, you can create one. You can copy the default configuration file
and edit it. You can find the default configuration file
[here](https://github.com/PixlOne/logiops/blob/main/logid.example.cfg). You can
read the documentation for the configuration file in [this wiki](https://github.com/PixlOne/logiops/wiki/Configuration).
```bash
sudo touch /etc/logid.cfg
```
You can also pass a custom path for the configuration file using `-c` flag. But
it never worked for me, so I am going to skip this part.
### Understanding the configuration options
You can obviously read the documentation for the configuration file, but I will
focus on easy understanding of the options that will be more than enough for most
users. I will be building the configuration file step by step and finally show
you the complete configuration file.
- Add a device and define its name
```cpp
devices: (
{
name: "MX Master 3S";
}
)
```
- Configure smartshift
```cpp
smartshift:
{
on: true;
threshold: 30;
torque: 50;
}
```
- Configure hires scrolling
```cpp
hiresscroll:
{
hires: true;
invert: false;
target: false;
}
```
- Configure dpi
```cpp
dpi: 2000;
```
Next we will see how to configure the buttons.
#### Buttons
Every button has a CID. You can see the CID of the buttons in the debug output
as well as in the image above. Every remappable button has some actions that can
be configured. You can configure a keypress or a gesture or a combination of
both.
There can be two situations when you configure a button. Either you want to
configure the button for a specific keypress, or you want to configure the button
for a specific gesture. You can also configure the button for both keypress and
gesture. In this case, the keypress will be triggered when you press the button
and the gesture will be triggered when you press the button and move the mouse
in a specific direction. The buttons can also be configured to toggle specific
fetcures of the mouse like smartshift, hires scrolling, etc.
First create a button section for the button you want to configure.
```cpp
buttons: (
{
<first-button>
},
{
<second-button>
}
)
```
- Configure only a keypress, let's configure the wheel button to take screenshot
```cpp
{
cid: 0x52;
action =
{
type: "keypress";
keys: ["KEY_PRINT"]
};
}
```
- Configure the top button to toggle SmartShift
```cpp
{
cid: 0xc4;
action =
{
type: "ToggleSmartShift";
}
}
```
- configure the gesture button for the following (sway based gestures)
- keypress: Opens Terminal
- Up gesture: Snaps current window to top
- Down gesture: Snaps current window to bottom
- Left gesture: Snaps current window to left
- Right gesture: Snaps current window to right
```cpp
{
cid: 0xc3;
action =
{
type: "Gestures";
gestures: (
{
direction: "Up";
mode: "OnRelease";
action =
{
type: "Keypress";
keys: ["KEY_LEFTMETA", "KEY_LEFTSHIFT", "KEY_UP"];
};
},
{
direction: "Down";
mode: "OnRelease";
action =
{
type: "Keypress";
keys: ["KEY_LEFTMETA", "KEY_LEFTSHIFT", "KEY_DOWN"];
};
},
{
direction: "Left";
mode: "OnRelease";
action =
{
type: "Keypress";
keys: ["KEY_LEFTMETA", "KEY_LEFTSHIFT", "KEY_LEFT"];
};
},
{
direction: "Right";
mode: "OnRelease";
action =
{
type: "Keypress";
keys = ["KEY_LEFTMETA", "KEY_LEFTSHIFT", "KEY_RIGHT"];
}
},
{
direction: "None"
mode: "OnRelease";
action =
{
type: "Keypress";
keys: ["KEY_LEFTMETA", "KEY_ENTER"];
}
}
);
};
}
```
The keypress while using with gestures is defined as direction **None**. These are
just some examples, you can go through the documentation to see all the available
options.
### Complete configuration file
Here is the complete configuration file that I use.
```cpp
devices: (
{
name: "MX Master 3S";
smartshift:
{
on: true;
threshold: 30;
torque: 50;
};
hiresscroll:
{
hires: true;
invert: false;
target: false;
};
dpi: 2000;
buttons: (
{
cid: 0xc3;
action =
{
type: "Gestures";
gestures: (
{
direction: "Up";
mode: "OnRelease";
action =
{
type: "Keypress";
keys: ["KEY_LEFTMETA", "KEY_LEFTSHIFT", "KEY_UP"];
};
},
{
direction: "Down";
mode: "OnRelease";
action =
{
type: "Keypress";
keys: ["KEY_LEFTMETA", "KEY_LEFTSHIFT", "KEY_DOWN"];
};
},
{
direction: "Left";
mode: "OnRelease";
action =
{
type: "Keypress";
keys: ["KEY_LEFTMETA", "KEY_LEFTSHIFT", "KEY_LEFT"];
};
},
{
direction: "Right";
mode: "OnRelease";
action =
{
type: "Keypress";
keys = ["KEY_LEFTMETA", "KEY_LEFTSHIFT", "KEY_RIGHT"];
}
},
{
direction: "None"
mode: "OnRelease";
action =
{
type: "Keypress";
keys: ["KEY_LEFTMETA", "KEY_ENTER"];
}
}
);
};
},
{
cid: 0x52;
action =
{
type: "Keypress";
keys: ["KEY_RIGHTCTRL", "KEY_PRINT"]
};
},
{
cid: 0xc4;
action =
{
type: "ToggleSmartshift";
};
}
);
}
);
```
## Post Configuration
Once configured you will need to restart the logid service.
```bash
sudo systemctl restart logid
```
Voila! You have successfully configured your Logitech mouse.
## References
- [LogiOps](https://github.com/PixlOne/logiops)
- [My Configurations](https://gist.github.com/avinal/2acfc0ac2952f4354dd3b4b78b8ccb2b)
+37
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
---
title: Installing Fedora with automatic and custom partioning
date: 2023-01-19 23:02
category: blog
tags: [fedora, partioning]
image: ""
draft: true
---
Fedora is one of the most popular Linux distribution for daily uses as well as
development purpose. I have been a Linux user since 2019 and switched through
multiple distros since then. For a long time I was stuck with Ubuntu and now
finally Fedora. Fedora is an amazing distribution. You get to enjoy the latest
of almost everything. But this all starts with installing Fedora on your system.
Although Fedora is one of the most easy-to-install distribution out there, a lot
of people struggle to install it the right way. There is a lot of tutorials and
blogs as well, but I couldn't find one that answers all my questions and still is
easy to understand and follow along. So I decided to write one.
## What is the best for me?
## Complete automatic installation
## Semi-automatic custom partitioning
## Advanced custom partitioning
### Partition Scheme
| Mount Points | Filesystem | Size (minimum) | Remarks |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `/boot/efi` | EFI | | |
| `/boot` | ext4 | | |
| `/` | ext4 | | |
| `/home` | btrfs | | |
## References
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
---
category: blogs
date: 2023-07-19T18:08:00
description: In the last post, I described how to install Tekton Results on a Kubernetes
cluster. In this post, we will see how to use Tekton Results to store the results
of a PipelineRun and how to retrive them later.
image: /images/tekton-results-retrieve.webp
tags:
- tekton
- kubernetes
- redhat
- openshift
- results
title: Tekton Results - Storing and Retrieving Results
---
In the [last post](/posts/blogs/hey-tekton-results/), I described how to install
Tekton Results on a Kubernetes cluster. In this post, we will see how to use Tekton
Results to store the results of a PipelineRun and how to retrive them later.
## Creating a PipelineRun/TaskRun
Let us create a simple PipelineRun to see how Tekton Results works. Here is a simple
PipelineRun that I created for this demo.
- Create a PipelineRun YAML file.
```sh
cat <<EOF > demo-pipeline-run.yaml
apiVersion: tekton.dev/v1beta1
kind: PipelineRun
metadata:
name: demo-pipeline-run
spec:
pipelineRef:
name: demo-pipeline
tasks:
- name: demo-task
taskSpec:
steps:
- name: demo-step
image: alpine
script: |
echo "Hello World"
EOF
```
- Create the PipelineRun.
```bash
kubectl apply --filename demo-pipeline-run.yaml
```
## Querying the Results API
There are three ways to query the Results API. The simplest way is to use
`tkn-results` CLI. You can also use `curl` or any other HTTP client as well as
a gRPC client. I will go through all three methods. Before we start, we have to
create a ServiceAccount and a ClusterRoleBinding to access the API.
- Create a ServiceAccount for quering the API.
```bash
kubectl create sa tekton-results-query -n tekton-pipelines
```
- Grant readonly permissions to the ServiceAccount
```bash
kubectl create clusterrolebinding tekton-results-query \
--clusterrole=tekton-results-readonly
--serviceaccount=tekton-pipelines:tekton-results-query
```
- Create an access token
```bash
export ACCESS_TOKEN=$(kubectl create token tekton-results-query -n tekton-pipelines)
```
- Expose the results API server, this will block so run in a separate shell.
```bash
kubectl port-forward --namespace tekton-pipelines \
service/tekton-results-api-service 8080:8080
```
### Using `tkn-results` CLI
We are not releasing the CLI yet, but you can install it using Go. You will need
[Go](https://golang.org/doc/install) installed on your machine.
- Install `tkn-results`
```bash
GOBIN=${TKN_PLUGINS_DIR:-"${HOME}/.config/tkn/plugins"} \
go install github.com/tektoncd/results/tools/tkn-results@latest
```
- Query the API, pass `--insecure` flag if you are using a self-signed certificate. In place of `default` you can pass the namespace name. `-` means all namespaces.
```bash
tkn-results list --insecure \
--addr http://localhost:8080
--authtoken $ACCESS_TOKEN
default
```
You will get a response like below.
```bash
Name Start Update
default/results/dcb7926e-42e8-4338-ab7d-0b67e02389be 2023-06-13 12:04:49 +0530 IST 2023-06-13 12:09:07 +0530 IST
```
- Similarly you can query Records for a particular PipelineRun or TaskRun Result.
```bash
tkn-results records list --insecure \
--addr http://localhost:8080
--authtoken $ACCESS_TOKEN
default/results/dcb7926e-42e8-4338-ab7d-0b67e02389be
```
You will get a response like below. Notice that there are two records, one for the PipelineRun and one for the TaskRun.
```bash
Name Type Start Update
default/results/dcb7926e-42e8-4338-ab7d-0b67e02389be/records/dcb7926e-42e8-4338-ab7d-0b67e02389be tekton.dev/v1beta1.PipelineRun 2023-06-13 12:04:51 +0530 IST 2023-06-13 12:19:09 +0530 IST
default/results/dcb7926e-42e8-4338-ab7d-0b67e02389be/records/64a0ab6e-9b90-4e5e-a072-e44d8ff27467 tekton.dev/v1beta1.TaskRun 2023-06-13 12:06:14 +0530 IST 2023-06-13 12:07:52 +0530 IST
```
- Finally you can get a single record too.
```bash
tkn-results records list --insecure \
--addr http://localhost:8080
--authtoken $ACCESS_TOKEN
default/results/dcb7926e-42e8-4338-ab7d-0b67e02389be/records/dcb7926e-42e8-4338-ab7d-0b67e02389be
```
You will get a response like below.
```json
{
"name": "default/results/dcb7926e-42e8-4338-ab7d-0b67e02389be/records/dcb7926e-42e8-4338-ab7d-0b67e02389be",
"id": "50b13d54-2eb0-4a45-8399-853f2d4ba028",
"uid": "50b13d54-2eb0-4a45-8399-853f2d4ba028",
"data": {
"type": "tekton.dev/v1beta1.PipelineRun",
"value": "eyJraW5kIjogIlBpcGVsaW5lUn<base64-encode-data-truncated-for-brevity>"
},
"etag": "50b13d54-2eb0-4a45-8399-853f2d4ba028-1686638949162394019",
"createdTime": "2023-06-13T06:34:51.320028Z",
"createTime": "2023-06-13T06:34:51.320028Z",
"updatedTime": "2023-06-13T06:49:09.162394Z",
"updateTime": "2023-06-13T06:49:09.162394Z"
}
```
### Using `curl`
Using curl is similar to using `tkn-results` CLI. You can use the same access
token and the same API server address. The only difference is that you have to
pass the access token as a header and provide the API path depending on what
you want to query.
- Query the results
```bash
curl --insecure \
-H "Authorization: Bearer $ACCESS_TOKEN"
-H "Accept: application/json"
https://localhost:8080/apis/results.tekton.dev/v1alpha2/parents/default/results
```
You will get a response like below.
```json
{
"results": [
{
"name": "default/results/dcb7926e-42e8-4338-ab7d-0b67e02389be",
"id": "50b13d54-2eb0-4a45-8399-853f2d4ba028",
"uid": "50b13d54-2eb0-4a45-8399-853f2d4ba028",
"createdTime": "2023-03-02T07:26:48.972907Z",
"createTime": "2023-03-02T07:26:48.972907Z",
"updatedTime": "2023-03-02T07:26:54.191114Z",
"updateTime": "2023-03-02T07:26:54.191114Z",
"annotations": {},
"etag": "50b13d54-2eb0-4a45-8399-853f2d4ba028-1677742014191114634",
"summary": {
"record": "default/results/dcb7926e-42e8-4338-ab7d-0b67e02389be/records/dcb7926e-42e8-4338-ab7d-0b67e02389be",
"type": "tekton.dev/v1beta1.PipelineRun",
"startTime": null,
"endTime": "2023-03-02T07:26:54Z",
"status": "SUCCESS",
"annotations": {}
}
}
],
"nextPageToken": ""
}
```
You can also use filters to query record for a particular (set of) PipelineRun
or TaskRun. See the available filters [here](https://github.com/tektoncd/results/blob/main/docs/api/README.md#filtering).
### Using gRPC
You can also use gRPC to query the API. You can use the same access token. You
will need to [install](https://github.com/grpc/grpc/blob/master/doc/command_line_tool.md)
`grpc_cli` to query the API.
- Querying using gRPC will need cert. Here is how to export them.
```bash
kubectl get secrets tekton-results-tls -n tekton-pipelines \
--template='{{index .data "tls.crt"}}' | base64 -d > /tmp/results.crt
export GRPC_DEFAULT_SSL_ROOTS_FILE_PATH=/tmp/results.crt
```
- List available services
```bash
grpc_cli ls --channel_creds_type=ssl \
--ssl_target=tekton-results-api-service.tekton-pipelines.svc.cluster.local \
localhost:8080
```
You will get a response like below.
```bash
grpc.health.v1.Health
grpc.reflection.v1alpha.ServerReflection
tekton.results.v1alpha2.Results
```
- List the Results
```bash
grpc_cli call --channel_creds_type=ssl \
--ssl_target=tekton-results-api-service.tekton-pipelines.svc.cluster.local \
--call_creds=access_token=$ACCESS_TOKEN
localhost:8080
tekton.results.v1alpha2.Results.ListResults 'parent: "default"'
```
You will get a response like below.
```bash
connecting to localhost:8080
results {
name: "default/results/7afa9067-5001-4d93-b715-49854a770412"
id: "b74a3317-e6c0-421c-85d9-54b0f3d4b4c6"
created_time {
seconds: 1677742028
nanos: 143729000
}
etag: "b74a3317-e6c0-421c-85d9-54b0f3d4b4c6-1677742039224211588"
updated_time {
seconds: 1677742039
nanos: 224211000
}
uid: "b74a3317-e6c0-421c-85d9-54b0f3d4b4c6"
create_time {
seconds: 1677742028
nanos: 143729000
}
update_time {
seconds: 1677742039
nanos: 224211000
}
summary {
record: "default/results/7afa9067-5001-4d93-b715-49854a770412/records/7afa9067-5001-4d93-b715-49854a770412"
type: "tekton.dev/v1beta1.TaskRun"
end_time {
seconds: 1677742039
}
status: SUCCESS
}
}
```
Similar to curl you can pass filters here as well.
## Conclusion
In this post, we saw how to use Tekton Results to store the results of a PipelineRun
or TaskRun and how to query them later. Tekton Results is still in alpha, we are
working on adding more features to it. If you have any feedback or feature request,
please feel free to open an issue [here](https://github.com/tektoncd/results/issues)
or reach out to us on [Slack](https://tektoncd.slack.com/). Thanks for reading!
## References
- [Tekton Results](https://github.com/tektoncd/results)
- [Tekton Pipelines](https://github.com/tektoncd/pipeline)
- [Tekton Results API Specification](https://petstore.swagger.io/?url=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tektoncd/results/v0.7.0/docs/api/openapi.yaml)
- [Tekton Results CLI](https://github.com/tektoncd/results/tree/main/tools/tkn-results)
@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
---
title: Create the VLC User Documentation for one Mobile Port(Android)
date: 2020-12-01 23:47
modified: 2020-12-31 23:19
category: development
tags: [vlc, gsod, gsod2020]
description: 'The project was to Create the VLC User Documentation for Android
Mobile Port which was previously hosted on VLC wiki pages. The major portion
of this was to start everything from scratch including chapter separation,
section organization.'
date: 2020-12-01T23:47:00
description: The project was to Create the VLC User Documentation for Android Mobile
Port which was previously hosted on VLC wiki pages. The major portion of this was
to start everything from scratch including chapter separation, section organization.
image: /images/day-of-cone.webp
modified: 2020-12-31 23:19
tags:
- vlc
- gsod
- gsod2020
title: Create the VLC User Documentation for one Mobile Port(Android)
---
# Create the VLC User Documentation for one Mobile Port(Android)
VideoLAN is a non-profit organization that develops software for playing
video and other media formats. VLC media player (commonly known as just
VLC) is a free and Open Source cross-platform multimedia player and
@@ -273,3 +274,7 @@ thank every person at VLC and Google who were involved in this whole
process. Thanks and Congrats to my fellow writer Abhishek Pratap Singh.
This was a great opportunity to learn and meet awesome people. I learned
a lot about Sphinx, reStructured Text and many other things.
## ATTRIBUTION
- [Image by Tom Bigelajzen](https://images.videolan.org/images/goodies/day-of-the-cones-ex2.jpg)
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
---
category: blogs
date: 2023-03-16T20:47:00
description: Tekton Results aims to help users logically group CI/CD workload history
and separate out long term result storage away from the Pipeline controller.
image: /images/tekton-results-wall.webp
tags:
- tekton
- kubernetes
- redhat
- openshift
- results
title: Tekton Results to the Rescue
---
What do you do with your Tekton Pipelines once it finishes? Depending on if it
failed or passed, you may keep it to inspect the logs. For most of the users/organizations
the simplest step is to keep the completed TaskRuns/PipelineRuns object on the
cluster to retrieve the data later.
Imagine having thousands of runs and although a single TaskRun object takes very
small space compared to the scale of a production cluster, but these little
things add up quickly, and soon your cluster will be burdened with objects that
probably no one will ever revisit. The organization/user is keeping them
just-in-case if they want to see the logs and other data later.
Although in most of the cases there is a pruning policy that takes care of these
objects. But there are multiple problems with this approach.
- This type of storage is not reliable and very difficult to query.
- If the scale is massive, this could lead to destabilization of the cluster.
- If you have a pruning policy, the completed objects are cleaned, and you lose all the associated data as well.
So, what is the solution, how can you save your pipelines' data without having to keep them on cluster?
## Introducing Tekton Results
As mentioned on the [project repository](https://github.com/tektoncd/results):
> Tekton Results aims to help users logically group CI/CD workload history and
> separate out long term result storage away from the Pipeline controller. This
> allows you to:
>
> - Provide custom Result metadata about your CI/CD workflows not available in
> the Tekton TaskRun/PipelineRun CRDs (for example: post-run actions)
> - Group related workloads together (e.g. bundle related TaskRuns and PipelineRuns into a single unit)
> - Make long-term result history independent of the Pipeline CRD controller,
> letting you free up etcd resources for Run execution.
In short, Tekton results archives the run data (called results) and logs to an
external storage. Now you can safely prune completed TaskRuns/PipelineRuns and
save run data and logs for a later visit. Let us see how actually Tekton Results
works under the hood.
### How Tekton Results Works?
Tekton Results is composed of two main components.
- A **watcher** to listen to creation/update of PipelineRuns or TaskRuns.
- An **API Server** to query the persistent storage for data.
In addition to that, Tekton Results needs a working database connection that can
be a persistent storage on the same cluster or hosted externally such as RDS.
If no external storage is attached, logs are also stored on a persistent storage
on the cluster, you may use a S3 (or compatible) storage solution for that.
The lifecycle of a _result_ is as below:
1. The first step is to create a Tekton PipelineRun or TaskRun.
2. The Watcher listens for any changes in the TaskRun or PipelineRun.
3. On change, Watcher updates (or creates) a corresponding `Record` or `Result` using the Results API.
Watcher adds annotations to the TaskRuns or PipelineRuns with proper identifiers. Watcher uses
these annotations to decide if the `Result` has been created/updated/finished or not.
4. You can now query the Results data using the API. If the run state is incomplete yet, the response
from the API will indicate that as well via the status flag.
5. Once the TaskRun/PipelineRun has been completed, you can safely prune the resource object.
## Installing Tekton Results
Installing Tekton Results is easy. You can use Kubernetes or OpenShift cluster, for this particular
demonstration, I will be using a Kind cluster and a local database.
### Prerequisites
- [Kind](https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/docs/user/quick-start/#installation) for a local Kubernetes cluster.
- [kubectl](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/#kubectl)
- [curl](https://curl.se/download.html) for querying the API.
- [OpenSSL](https://www.openssl.org/source/) for generating certificates.
### Let's start
1. Create a Kind Cluster
```bash
kind create cluster --name tekton-results
kind export kubeconfig --name tekton-results
```
2. [Tekton Pipelines](https://github.com/tektoncd/results) must be installed on
the cluster. You can install it using the command below.
```bash
kubectl apply --filename https://storage.googleapis.com/tekton-releases/pipeline/latest/release.yaml
```
3. Generate a database root password and store as a Kubernetes Secret. If you are using an external
database, prove the credential for the same. Here is a bare minimum requirement as YAML.
```yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
name: tekton-results-postgres
namespace: tekton-pipelines
type: Opaque
data:
POSTGRES_USER: postgres
POSTGRES_PASSWORD: <your-password>
```
You can directly use the command line as well:
```bash
kubectl create secret generic tekton-results-postgres \
--namespace="tekton-pipelines" \
--from-literal=POSTGRES_USER=postgres \
--from-literal=POSTGRES_PASSWORD=$(openssl rand -base64 20)
```
4. Generate a cert/key pair. You may use any cert management software to generate this. You can even
use cluster generated certs.
```bash
openssl req -x509 \
-newkey rsa:4096 \
-keyout key.pem \
-out cert.pem \
-days 365 \
-nodes \
-subj "/CN=tekton-results-api-service.tekton-pipelines.svc.cluster.local" \
-addext "subjectAltName = DNS:tekton-results-api-service.tekton-pipelines.svc.cluster.local"
```
5. Create another TLS Kubernetes Secret with the name `tekon-results-tls` to store the cert/key pair.
```bash
kubectl create secret tls -n tekton-pipelines tekton-results-tls \
--cert=cert.pem \
--key=key.pem
```
6. Install Tekton Results
```bash
kubectl apply -f https://storage.googleapis.com/tekton-releases/results/latest/release.yaml
```
7. You can check the status of the deployments using the below command. Do not worry
if some deployments show `CrashLoopBackOff`. Wait for some time, and
they should all be running.
```bash
kubectl get pods -n tekton-pipelines --watch
```
Once all deployments are ready, we can start creating some TaskRuns/PipelineRuns. In the next part
of this blog, I will explain how to retrieve data from Tekton Results. Happy Reading.
## References
- [Tekton Results](https://github.com/tektoncd/results)
- [Tekton Pipelines](https://github.com/tektoncd/pipeline)
@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
---
category: blogs
date: 2021-01-04T21:47:00
image: /images/hrt-singapore.webp
tags:
- HRT
- hudsonrivertrading
- interview
- internship
title: HRT (Hudson River Trading) Systems Internship Interview Experience
date: 2021-01-04 21:47
tags: [HRT, hudsonrivertrading, interview, internship]
category: blog
---
# `HRT (Hudson River Trading)` Systems Internship Interview Experience
I applied for **Systems Internship - Summer 2021** back in December 2020
at [Hudson River Trading](https://www.hudsonrivertrading.com) , New
at [Hudson River Trading](https://www.hudsonrivertrading.com), New
York. The internship description was: -
> We are looking for highly motivated students who are eager to learn
@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
---
category: blogs
date: 2024-09-22T05:47:00
description: Privacy is just like hope. It is the quintessential human delusion,
simultaneously the source of your greatest strength and your greatest weakness.
This post outlines my switch to GrapheneOS and my experiences so far.
image: /images/grapheneos-kill-bloat.webp
tags:
- grapheneos
- privacy
- degoogle
- android
- pixel
- google
- security
title: "GrapheneOS Saga: The Privacy-Centric Midlife Crisis"
---
In **The Matrix Resurrections**, Morpheus says *Not all seek to control. Just as not all wish to be
free*. The ever-increasing cases of privacy invading technology and the number of people sprinting
to adopting them reflects the quotes in its entirety. It is true that in the modern world it is
nearly impossible to have control of your complete data. But with few changes, you can decide how
much one has access to your data. Do remember once anything is on internet, it is forever.
## My Smartphone Journey
I got my first smartphone in 2014. It
was [Samsung Galaxy Star Pro](https://www.gsmarena.com/samsung_galaxy_star_pro_s7260-5749.php), a
very basic budget smartphone with Android 4.1. I used it until mid-2019, then for a few months I
used ASUS ZenPhone Go. It belonged to my friend. This also means I have never used 3G on smartphone.
It was a direct jump from 2G to 4G.
My first good smartphone
was [Nokia 6.1 Plus](https://www.gsmarena.com/nokia_6_1_plus_(nokia_x6)-9178.php). Excellent build
quality, clean OS with decent performance. Camera quality was surprisingly excellent considering
that it had almost no AI-based processing. Nokia can be a market leader in smartphone, but it seems
either they don't care much or they aren't putting much effort. I had to leave this phone in a year
because of severe charging port issue. Other than that it is still one of my most favourite
smartphone.
Then I bought [Google Pixel 4a](https://www.gsmarena.com/google_pixel_4a-10123.php) in January of
2021. First gadget bought with my first earning. Pixel 4 and 5 series are my most favourite
smartphones still. These are ergonomic and handy phones without many bells and whistles. The design
is nice with good performance and clean OS. After these, things started going bad.
My current smartphone is [Google Pixel 7a](https://www.gsmarena.com/google_pixel_7a-12170.php)
bought in 2023. It is good, but for the price I would expect a little more. Takes excellent photos
and the performance is decent. The stock OS is unfortunately not as clean as it used to be.
## Why GrapheneOS?
Before I can explain why I choose GrapheneOS, I should explain what I need. It can vary person to
person and phone to phone. But the keywords are the same, privacy, security, performance and
control.
### What I Do Not Need on My Smartphone
This is a very opinionated list of things I do not want on my phone. This is in part inspired by
privacy and performance concerns. A lot of it comes from my way of interacting with smartphone.
- AI: It is wonderful in quantities in which wine can be enjoyed. Too much of it and the phones
behaves exactly like a drunken, too much talk but very little of it makes any sense.
- Apps I will never use: Every smartphone comes with some set of preinstalled applications. Some of
them as crucial for the phone to function normally. Some of them are useful but may have an
alternative. And others neither crucial nor useful. And on most phones you cannot even
uninstall/disable them. It makes no sense to keep two apps with same functions or apps with no
functions.
- Spyware/Malware/Adware/Bloatware: On many smartphones these are intentionally installed. OK, maybe
not the first two, but definitely the next two. Most of the Chinese smartphones are riddled with
Adware and Bloatware, probably the reason why they are so cheap. They are privacy nightmares and
eat up your performance and battery.
- Inability to control permissions: A smartphone is a huge data generator and gatherer. If wrong
entities have access to it, they may use it for nefarious purposes. One of the shocking example
is [How Facebook was able to track location using accelerometer](https://www.cpomagazine.com/data-privacy/facebooks-use-of-alternate-location-tracking-methods-to-circumvent-apple-privacy-protections-expands-to-accelerometer-data/).
So I would like to oversee what permissions each application has.
- Gimmicks: IYKYK
I still want my phone to be usable and have regular updates. I want it to perform close to what it
was designed for.
### It just makes sense
Once you are clear that what you do not want on your smartphone, GrapheneOS immediately makes sense.
I can achieve everything listed above and more. I actually researched and planned for almost a year
before I finally installed it. Now that I have done it, I think there is no going back.
## Installing using Fedora
GrapheneOS can be installed using WebUSB or via command line. Both are simple, but WebUSB is
simpler. Since Fedora is not in
the [supported OS](https://grapheneos.org/install/web#prerequisites). WebUSB may not work, for me,
it didn't. So I opened my favourite tool, the terminal and started
typing. [Installation via CLI](https://grapheneos.org/install/cli) works flawlessly as long as you
follow it step by step. There are few extra steps you might need for Fedora, that I will be
explaining here:
1. Install these packages:
```bash
sudo dnf install android-tools
```
2. Follow the official instructions up
to [OEM unlocking and booting into bootloader](https://grapheneos.org/install/cli#booting-into-the-bootloader-interface)
3. Check if fastboot can detect your device
```bash
sudo fastboot devices
```
4. After that, you can continue following the instructions. Use `sudo`.
Wait patiently, as it takes some time and there is not much interactive response. Be sure that the
process has ended successfully before you disconnect your phone.
## First Impressions
The onboarding was short and clean. No account logins, no spooky agreements to accept. Once you set
up your phone, it should feel like a minimal installation of any Linux distros, few necessaries
preinstalled apps and nothing else.
In GrapheneOS all apps are sandboxed, no matter what is its origin. They have similar permission
scopes and no app is treated as royalty. On stock Android, some Google apps have system level
access, which they absolutely don't need for function. Unlike most custom OS available, GrapheneOS
is a completely de-Googled OS. You can see a detailed
comparison [here](https://eylenburg.github.io/android_comparison.htm). This means you should be just
fine without any Google Apps at all.
## Getting It To Speed
I wanted to retain my ease of use and most of previous apps. Some of them may be privacy invading
but with newly gained superpowers, I should be able to control them. I do use a fair share of Google
Apps as well as FOSS applications.
![Fully Configured GrapheneOS - Lockscreen, HomeScreen and Apps Menu](/images/grapheneos-looks.webp)
### My daily drivers
These are everyday applications, like calendar, payment and banking apps, maps, messaging, phone,
contacts, browser, email etc. To install apps from the Play Store, you will need to install Play
Services first. This is easy, just go to the App Store and install them.
### Enhancers
There are few apps, mostly FOSS, that I use to improve my experience. In no particular order (its
alphabetic):
- [AdGuard Home Manager](https://github.com/JGeek00/adguard-home-manager): An AdGuard Home client
app, that lets me quickly control and manage my self-hosted AdGuard Home installation.
- [Aegis](https://getaegis.app/): Probably the best 2FA apps that is also FOSS. Compared to popular
options like Google Authenticator, it encrypts your token at rest, lets you import and export as
well as take encrypted backups.
- [Immich](https://immich.app/): A FOSS and self-hosted Google Photos replacement. Except editing,
it has everything you may need in a media backup app. Even more features are being added
regularly.
- [Insular](https://secure-system.gitlab.io/Insular/): I use this to enable a separate work profile
where I keep all my less used or data hungry applications. When not in use, I can just pause them,
and it saves battery as well as enhances privacy.
- [Lawnchair](https://lawnchair.app/): To be frank, I am unable to find a launcher that fits to my
liking. My favorite launcher is still the OP Nokia Lumia launcher. Lawnchair is a Pixel launcher
replacement with a lot more features and customizations. I use it
with [Arcticons](https://arcticons.com/).
- [ServerBox](https://github.com/LollipopKit/flutter_server_box): I use this to keep an eye on my
servers and even make small updates via ssh.
- [Tailscale](https://tailscale.com/): Three of the apps mentioned above will be unusable if not for
Tailscale. In layman terms, it is a p2p VPN that tricks all the participating devices like they
are connected in same local network. So you can access your remote servers and data without ever
exposing them to internet. Additionally, it also redirects your DNS request to a custom server (
like AdGuard Home) or even make one of your devices act as exit node.
## Things I Loved
New OS, new experiences and new things to love. There are many things that made me say _**Wow**_,
but I will point out the most significant changes in my smartphone experience.
### Game-changers
- Google Pixels are known for churning out good performance out of comparatively less powerful
hardware. With recent AI outbreak, Google and other organizations are putting too much of it even
in places, that makes little sense. GrapheneOS is clean from all that bloat, not even the
Assistant. If I really need it, I can install specific applications.
- Battery life improvement is the biggest visible change I observed. I am now getting around 25%
more screen time than before with similar uses.
- I can now decide what permission each app has as well as stop their access to network completely
without relying on a third party app. You also get fine control for your location data as well as
activity indicator.
- As I mention in my first point, Pixels have good performance, but GrapheneOS takes it to another
level. My phone feels significantly faster. This should be expected since you no longer have bloat
apps running in background.
### Little things
- You can archive any installed application instead of removing them. This makes sure that you don't
have to set up again but still get rid of them in practice.
- Ability to install apps in user profiles without any App Store installation.
- The usual things, you can see the complete list of improvements/new things
on [GrapheneOS features](https://grapheneos.org/features) page.
## Things That Went Wrong
Yes, not everything is great with GrapheneOS. There were some downsides, some failures as well loss
of data. I backed up all my data before making the switch and still got a few things wrong.
### Horribly Wrong :(
- I lost my WhatsApp data completely. I am still a bit sad about it. This happened because WhatsApp
couldn't detect active backup on my Google Drive and decided to start new. This is a scary example
of how dependent everything is on Google, if WhatsApp had allowed independent backup, this would
not have happened. I did find a probable fix, but after I lost my data. You can use _Transfer
Chats_ feature of WhatsApp to transfer between phones. But you need two phones with latest
versions of WhatsApp, so not possible for me anyway. There was a lot of not-important data, few
important and some which I wanted to remove but couldn't. So the destiny decided it for me, it
seems.
- GrapheneOS doesn't have a great backup solution. It uses an implementation of Seedvault, which is
secure but not reliable at all. Most of the time it simply doesn't work. Except USB backup,
nothing worked for me. That also means you have to regularly take manual backup.
### Manageable
- All banking apps worked, except PayTM. After some research, I found that it is not GrapheneOS
fault. It seems PayTM hardcoded application used for webview. The usual _Android System Webview_
is not available neither installable on GrapheneOS since it uses its own implementation. It is
okay, because I always use a different payment app.
- Getting location to work was a little tricky. The first few attempts completely failed. GrapheneOS
uses something called _Reroute location request to OS_ which limits when and how Play Services can
access location. A great privacy feature, but it took some time to work.
## Things I am missing
- Reliable backups would be a major missing. The GrapheneOS seems to be working on it, but it may
take time.
- Some of the features are not latest compared to Stock Android or even completely missing, i.e.
Wallpaper Chooser, Extreme Battery Saver, Digital Wellbeing, pausing of apps. I understand that
these may not be a priority for the team, so it's okay.
- I loved _Now Playing_ feature on Pixel, it is not available.
- Although GrapheneOS is extremely minimal, there are still apps you cannot remove. The preinstalled
apps for dialer, contacts and cameras are simple and do the work, but the UI is pretty outdated,
and they do not have many features. So I installed alternatives, but I cannot remove them. Some of
them can be disabled though.
- There are few UI issues that need fixing. Not anything critical, but sometimes it bothers.
## References
- [GrapheneOS Website](https://grapheneos.org/)
- [Comparison of Android ROMs](https://eylenburg.github.io/android_comparison.htm)
- [Installation using Fedora - Forum](https://discuss.grapheneos.org/d/359-fedora-to-install-grapheneos/4)
- [The Matrix Resurrections](https://www.imdb.com/title/tt10838180/)
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
---
title: Setup Remark42 from scratch on Oracle Cloud
draft: true
---
@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
---
category: development
date: 2021-05-24T23:56:00
description: CMake stands for Cross-platform Make. Normally, a build tool like Make
will parse a configuration file (Makefile) that contains all the commands required
to build an artifact based on the source files and other resources inside the project.
image: /images/cmake-office.webp
slug: cmake-basics
tags:
- cmake
- gsoc
- fossology
- gsoc21
title: Hello CMake
---
CMake stands for Cross-platform Make. Normally, a build tool like Make
will parse a configuration file (Makefile) that contains all the
commands required to build an artifact based on the source files and
other resources inside the project.
I proposed a new architecture for FOSSology that uses CMake instead of
bare-metal Make as a Google Summer of Code 2021 project. Although these
tutorials will be useful for anyone interested in learning CMake they
are specifically tailored to the FOSSology project. This is the first
blog on CMake in this series. In this blog, I will discuss CMake syntax
and various features.
## What is CMake?
![You CMake me happy:left](/images/cmake-happy.webp)
CMake stands for Cross-platform Make. Normally, a build tool like Make
will parse a configuration file (Makefile) that contains all the
commands required to build an artifact based on the source files and
other resources inside the project. On the other hand, CMake will also
parse a configuration file (CMakeLists.txt), but instead of directly
build the artifact, itll generate another configuration file that will
build the artifact.
This approach is very common in Computer Science and is called *adding
another level of indirection*. In short, you may say that:
With just one configuration file youll be able to generate different configuration files to build your project for different platforms (Make, Visual Studio, etc).
Another nice CMake feature is the so-called out-of-source build. Any
file required for the final build, executables included, will be stored
in a separated build directory (usually called build/). This prevents
cluttering up the source directory and makes it easy to start over
again: just remove the build directory and you are done.
## CMake Syntax
![Compiling:right](https://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/compiling.png)
CMake unlike Make is a configuration language itself. CMake supplies a
rich library of inherent functions as well as common programming
language features like conditions, looping, macros, and functions. In
addition to that CMake is highly modular and you can always write a
CMake module yourself independent of any project. Specifically for C/C++
programming, it supplies commands to find and link libraries
automatically and lot many features.
### Language Rules
As mentioned above CMake is a language itself hence there are some
language rules related to syntax, comments, variables, etc.
- There are two types of comment in CMake, both start with `#`
character. The first one is line comments, as clear by name it is
delimited by a newline. The other one is bracket comment and can
span until the matching brackets are found.
```cmake
# This is a line comment and it ends with the line.
#[[This is a bracket comment and it can span up to multiple lines.
But it is only supported in CMake 3.0 or later.]]
```
- Variables in CMake are like any other programming language. They are
case-sensitive and have any alphanumeric characters. In general, it
is recommended using upper case names as variables. They can be
assigned and unassigned using `set` and `unset` commands. A variable
can be referenced using `${VARIABLE_NAME}`.
> CMake reserves some types of identifers:
>
> - begin with **CMAKE_**(upper-, lower-, or mixed-case)
> - begin with ***CMAKE***(upper-, lower-, or mixed-case)
> - begin with **_** followed by the name of any CMake Command
- The CMake commands are case insensitive in the latest version (3.0)
of CMake. That means `message()`, `Message()` or `MESSAGE()` are all
same.
### Basic CMake Commands
- The `project()` command is used to set the name of the CMake project
and optionally a language that is used by the project. Every
top-level CMake configuration must have this option set. The syntax
is as below:
```cmake
project (projectname [CXX] [C] [Java] [NONE])
```
If no language is specified then CMake defaults to supporting C/C++.
If `NONE` is specified then no language support is enabled.
- The `set()` command is used to set a variable to a value or lists of
values. It is one of the most used CMake commands. The accompanying
command is `unset()`. The `unset()` command is used to unset a
variable or remove a variable from the current scope. The syntax for
the three commands are:
```cmake
set (BLOG_TITLE "CMake Introduction") # assign single value
set (BLOG_TAGS "gsoc" "cmake" "fossology" "gsoc21") # assign a list of values
unset (BLOG_TITLE) # unset BLOG_TITLE
```
- The `message()` command can be used to display formatted messages
with different alert modes. There are many
[modes](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.20/command/message.html#general-messages)
of displaying messages. The syntax is :
```cmake
message ([<mode>] "message text" ...)
message(NOTICE "Hey this is ${BLOG_TITLE}") # Example message with variable
```
- The `cmake_minimum_required()` is used to set the minimum CMake
version to use to generate the build files. If any older version is
used than specified then the user gets an error message. It must be
specified at the top of the *CMakeLists.txt* file.
```cmake
cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 3.0)
```
- The commands `add_executable()` and `add_library()` specifies what
executables and libraries to build and what source files must be
used to build them. One of the two commands must be used for any
binary generation.
```cmake
add_executable(<name> [WIN32] [MACOSX_BUNDLE]
[EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL]
[source1] [source2 ...])
add_library(<name> [STATIC | SHARED | MODULE]
[EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL]
[<source>...])
```
### Flow Control
CMake provides three flow control structures. They are conditional
statements (`if`), looping constructs (`foreach` and `while`) and
procedure definitions (`function` and `macro`). I will explain each of
them one by one.
- **Conditional Statements** The `if` command in CMake is just like
the `if` command in any other language. It evaluates its expression
and based on that either executes the code in its body or optionally
the code in the `else` clause.
```cmake
if (FOO)
# do something here
elseif (BAR)
if (NESTED_BAR)
# do something nested here
endif(NESTED_BAR)
# do something else
else ()
# do something here
endif (FOO)
```
You can use many operators to form complex conditions. Available
options are **NOT**, **AND**, **OR**, **COMMAND**, **DEFINED**,
**EXISTS**, **IS_DIRECTORY**, **IS_ABSOLUTE**, **MATCHES**,
**IS_NEWER_THAN**, and operators for numerical comparisons
**EQUAL**, **LESS**, **GREATER**, **STRLESS**, **STREQUAL**,
**STRGREATER**.
- **Looping Constructs** The `foreach` command enables you to execute
a group of CMake commands repeatedly on the members of a list.The
first argument of the foreach command is the name of the variable
that will take on a different value with each iteration of the loop.
The remaining arguments are the list of values over which to loop.
```cmake
foreach(<loop_var> <items>)
<commands>
endforeach()
```
The `while` command provides for looping based on a test condition.
The format for the test expression in the `while` command is the
same as that for the `if` command described earlier.
```cmake
while(<condition>)
<commands>
endwhile()
```
It is worth mentioning that foreach loops can be nested and that the
loop variable is replaced prior to any other variable expansion.
This means that in the body of a foreach loop you can construct
variable names using the loop variable.
- **Procedure Definitions** A function in CMake is very much like a
function in C or C++. You can pass arguments into it, and the
arguments passed in become variables within the function. The first
argument is the name of the function to define. All additional
arguments are formal parameters to the function.
```cmake
function(<name> [<arg1> ...])
# write the function body here
<commands>
endfunction()
```
Macros are defined and called in the same manner as functions. The
main differences are that a macro does not push and pop a new
variable scope, and the arguments to a macro are not treated as
variables but are string replaced prior to execution. This is very
much like the differences between a macro and a function in C or
C++. The first argument is the name of the macro to create. All
additional arguments are formal parameters to the macro.
```cmake
macro(<name> [<arg1> ...])
# write macro definition here
<commands>
endmacro()
```
## A Hello CMake example
This example compiles a simple *hello_cmake* program. This example and
the terminal commands are used in Linux context, however there is very
little difference in different platforms. Make sure to [install
CMake](https://cmake.org/install/) for your platform.
- Create a folder and create a file named `hello_cmake.cpp` in that.
You may add your own code. Here is my example code.
```cpp
#include<iostream>
int main() {
std::cout << "Hello CMake\n";
return 0;
}
```
- Create another file named `CMakeLists.txt` and add the following
script in that file.
```cmake
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.0)
# set project name
project(hello_cmake)
# print compiler info
message("The compiler is ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER}")
# add executable
add_executable(Hello_cmake hello_cmake.cpp)
```
- Create another directory `build` and run the following commands.
```bash
# create folder and change directory
mkdir build && cd build
# run cmake config
cmake ..
# build project
cmake --build .
```
You will be able to see a `Hello_cmake` binary in the *build* folder.
Hooray you have successfully built a project using CMake. For more [read
here](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.20/guide/tutorial/index.html). In
the next blog I will explain how to create CMake configuration for a
more complex project.
Thanks!
## References and Credits
- [CMake Website](https://cmake.org)
- [CMake
Documentation](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/index.html)
- [Mastering CMake Book](https://www.kitware.com/what-we-offer/#books)
- [CMake
Tutorial](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.20/guide/tutorial/index.html)
- [You (C)Make Me
Happy](https://prateekvjoshi.com/2014/02/01/cmake-vs-make/)
- [Compiling xkcd.com](https://xkcd.com/303/)
@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
---
title: I am loving it! RedHat
date: 2022-02-25 20:47
category: development
tags: [kubernetes, redhat, docker, golang, tekton, openshift, intern]
description: I made it to the Red Hat as a DevTools intern. This post is about onboarding and how I prepared myself for working on the actual project.
date: 2022-02-25T20:47:00
description: I made it to the Red Hat as a DevTools intern. This post is about onboarding
and how I prepared myself for working on the actual project.
image: /images/fedora-wall.webp
tags:
- kubernetes
- redhat
- docker
- golang
- tekton
- openshift
- intern
title: My internship at Red Hat
---
# My internship at Red Hat
I have been contributing to open source for the last 3 years and Red Hat
was one of the companies that I was very fond of. I must say all my
@@ -34,7 +42,7 @@ and many more.
## Learning on the Go
There was a lot of learning and still a lot to learn. In a meeting with
my manager Pradeepto Bhattacharya, I was told that I will be working on
my manager [^1] Pradeepto Bhattacharya, I was told that I will be working on
TektonCD or OpenShift Pipelines, and both of them require a sound
knowledge of Golang, CI/CD, Containers, Docker, and Kubernetes. I was
familiar with CI/CD, containers, and Docker but never used Golang and
@@ -74,7 +82,7 @@ end-to-end platform includes UIs, CLIs, APIs, and security that are
engineered to work together across the entire application delivery
lifecycle.
![The Docker Architecture](/images/docker-architecture.png)
![The Docker Architecture](/images/docker-architecture.webp)
- [Docker and Containers -
Katacoda](https://www.katacoda.com/courses/docker) *interactive
@@ -85,7 +93,7 @@ lifecycle.
### Kubernetes
![Kubernetes tech](/images/kubernetes-architecture.png)
![Kubernetes tech:left](/images/kubernetes-meme.webp)
**Kubernetes** is the Greek word for a ship's captain. We get the words
Cybernetic and Gubernatorial from it. The Kubernetes project focuses on
@@ -115,4 +123,7 @@ created and then transfer the request to Tekton API to create the
corresponding resource on the OpenShift/Kubernetes cluster.*
So are you interested in how it went? Please follow up with my [next
blog](https://avinal.space/posts/development/lovely-dangerous-things-redhat.html).
blog](https://avinal.space/posts/development/lovely-dangerous-things-redhat).
[^1]: [MDN Web
Docs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Developer_Tools)
@@ -1,14 +1,25 @@
---
title: Developing Minimal Tekton Server
date: 2022-02-27 20:47
modified: 2022-03-07 22:47
category: development
tags: [tekton, go, kubernetes, openshift, redhat, intern, golang, openshift-pipelines]
description: 'This blog is a descreptive account of the development of Minimal Tekton Server. This is highly technical in nature, so please make sure that you have sufficient knowledge about Golang, Docker, Kubernetes and TektonCD. You can refer to my [previous blog]("https://avinal.space/posts/development/i-am-loving-it-redhat.html") to know about these topics.'
date: 2022-02-27T20:47:00
description: This blog is a descreptive account of the development of Minimal Tekton
Server. This is highly technical in nature, so please make sure that you have sufficient
knowledge about Golang, Docker, Kubernetes and TektonCD. You can refer to my [previous
blog]("https://avinal.space/posts/development/i-am-loving-it-redhat.html") to know
about these topics.
image: /images/development.webp
modified: 2022-03-07 22:47
tags:
- tekton
- go
- kubernetes
- openshift
- redhat
- intern
- golang
- openshift-pipelines
title: Developing Minimal Tekton Server
---
# Developing Minimal Tekton Server
This blog is a descreptive account of the development of Minimal Tekton Server.
This is highly technical in nature, so please make sure that you have sufficient
knowledge about Golang, Docker, Kubernetes and TektonCD. You can refer to my
@@ -37,14 +48,13 @@ to the final diagram. Yeah, we learned. I will be explaining our
final(obviously) architectural diagram and try to make some sense out of
band-aids and duct tapes.
<img src="/images/mks-architecture.png"
class="img-fluid my-3 img-fluid my-3" alt="The MKS Arhitecture" />
![The MKS Architecture](/images/mks-architecture.webp)
Let me start with explaining **What are MKS Resources?**. I hope you
know at least tidbits about Kubernetes and by the definition: *A
resource is an endpoint in the Kubernetes API that stores a collection
of API objects of a certain kind; for example, the built-in
:code:\`pods\` resource contains a collection of Pod objects.* But
`pods` resource contains a collection of Pod objects.* But
developers soon realized that these in-built resources were not enough
for the ever-growing applications of Kubernetes. Here [custom
resource](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/extend-kubernetes/api-extension/custom-resources/)
@@ -56,9 +66,7 @@ Definition](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/extend-kubernetes/custom-resources/
So MKS Resources are such custom resources that correspond to the
TektonCD custom resources.
<img src="/images/venus-flytrap.gif"
class="float-md-right ml-3 float-md-right ml-3" width="250"
alt="A venus flytrap engulphing an insect." />
![A venus flytrap engulphing an insect.:right](/images/venus-flytrap.gif)
Let us now focus on the box containing `Controller` and `API server`.
The controller can be said as a stimulus-response mechanism. Take the
@@ -206,4 +214,7 @@ type SpaceTimeList struct {
}
```
### To be Continued
### Attribution
- Photo by [Luca Bravo](https://unsplash.com/@lucabravo?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText) on [Unsplash](https://unsplash.com/photos/XJXWbfSo2f0?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText).
@@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
---
title: How I implemented WakaTime embeddable Coding Graph GHA?
date: 2021-02-02 21:47
tags: [wakatime, github-action, coding]
category: development
image: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/avinal/Profile-Readme-WakaTime/b281d074ee75f9626b39d10e2e518c6a297208a3/waka.png
description: 'If you use WakaTime to track your coding activity. You can add that to
your README as a bar graph or embed it in your blog/portfolio. Just add this
action to any of your repositories and there you have it.'
date: 2021-02-02T21:47:00
description: If you use WakaTime to track your coding activity. You can add that to
your README as a bar graph or embed it in your blog/portfolio. Just add this action
to any of your repositories and there you have it.
image: /images/waka.webp
tags:
- wakatime
- github-action
- coding
title: How I implemented WakaTime embeddable Coding Graph GHA?
---
# How I implemented WakaTime embeddable Coding Graph GHA?
If you use WakaTime to track your coding activity. You can add that to
your README as a bar graph or embed it in your blog/portfolio. Just add this
action to any of your repositories and there you have it.
@@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
---
title: Move WSL 2 Safely to another Drive
date: 2020-12-31 19:07
tags: [wsl, wsl2]
category: development
description: 'It is real pain when you have small SSD and Windows Subsystem for Linux
(WSL) is growing exponentially in size. There is no easy way to move the
WSL installation to another drive. Here in this blog I will discuss how
to tackle this problem with bite size steps.'
date: 2020-12-31T19:07:00
description: It is real pain when you have small SSD and Windows Subsystem for Linux
(WSL) is growing exponentially in size. There is no easy way to move the WSL installation
to another drive. Here in this blog I will discuss how to tackle this problem with
bite size steps.
image: /images/windows-wsl2.webp
tags:
- wsl
- wsl2
title: Move WSL 2 Safely to another Drive
---
# Move WSL 2 Safely to another Drive
It is real pain when you have small SSD and Windows Subsystem for Linux
(WSL) is growing exponentially in size. There is no easy way to move the
WSL installation to another drive. Here in this blog I will discuss how
@@ -21,13 +22,13 @@ use WinKey + X shortcut and select **Windows PowerShell(Admin)**.
2. Check if the WSL 2 installation you are planning to move is is
currently running/stopped.
```powershell
PS C:\\Users\\Avinal> wsl -l -v
PS C:\\Users\\Avinal>
```powershell
PS C:\\Users\\Avinal> wsl -l -v
PS C:\\Users\\Avinal>
NAME STATE VERSION
* Ubuntu Running 2
* Ubuntu Running 2
Kali Stopped 2
```
```
3. If its running then you must stop the particular WSL distribution.
(*Ubuntu* used as example)
@@ -89,3 +90,7 @@ PS C:\\Users\\Avinal> ubuntu config --default-user user_name
10. Finally run `wsl` and you have successfully moved your WSL 2
installation to another drive.
## Attribution
- [Image](https://www.atwix.com/magento/magento-2-with-docker-for-windows-and-wsl-2/)
@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
---
title: Google Summer of Code 2021
date: 2021-08-19 23:07
tags: [gsoc, FOSSology]
category: development
description: This is the final report of my Google Summer of Code 2021 at The FOSSology Project.
category: gsoc
date: 2021-08-19T23:07:00
description: This is the final report of my Google Summer of Code 2021 at The FOSSology
Project.
image: /images/gsoc-wall.webp
tags:
- gsoc
- FOSSology
title: GSoC'21 Final Evaluation Report
---
# Google Summer of Code 2021
This is the final report of my Google Summer of Code 2021 at The FOSSology Project.
<style>
.rd {color:red;font-weight:bold}
@@ -30,16 +35,13 @@ via custom scripts.
## GitHub Actions CI/CD
<img src="/images/ci.png"
class="float-md-right rounded border border-info ml-3 float-md-right rounded border border-info ml-3"
width="350" alt="A CI Meme" />
Since the FOSSology project moved on Github, it has used only the free
Travis CI service for OSS projects. At the time of writing Travis CI has
reduced its free tier CI services. GitHub Actions provides faster
builds. Since GitHub Actions is a fully managed service by GitHub, we
don't need to know how to scale and operate the infrastructure to run
it.
![A CI Meme:left](/images/ci.webp)
It is straightforward to use with GitHub because when we fork a
repository, the actions automatically get forked. This allows you to
@@ -497,10 +499,6 @@ INCOMPLETE, <span class="or">ORANGE</span>: NOT NEEDED/DEPRECATED)
## How does it work and how to use it?
<div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9">
<iframe class="embed-responsive-item" src="/images/second-build.webm" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>
The new build system retains the modular and hierarchical structure of
the previous build system. On the other hand, the new build system
provides several new flags to control the build. The new build system
@@ -724,7 +722,7 @@ Actions is almost complete and working as expected. But it is not free
of drawbacks and issues. This section outlines the known issues at the
time of writing.
![A Bug Meme](https://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/conference_question.png)
![A Bug Meme:right](https://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/conference_question.png)
- Coverage builds may fail with linking errors.
- Packaging prefix is the same as the install prefix. This requires the
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
---
category: gsoc
date: 2021-07-14T12:29:00
description: In the first phase of GSoC 2021 @ The FOSSology Project, I have completed
the desired milestone. As of now, FOSSology can be installed completely via CMake
and most of the components are working fine in initial testing.
image: /images/tech-wallpaper.webp
tags:
- gsoc
- FOSSology
title: GSoC'21 First Evaluation Report
---
In the first phase of GSoC 2021 @ The FOSSology Project, I have
completed the desired milestone. As of now, FOSSology can be installed
completely via CMake and most of the components are working fine in
initial testing.
## Updates
In the first phase of GSoC 2021 @ The FOSSology Project, I have
completed the desired milestone. As of now, FOSSology can be installed
completely via CMake and most of the components are working fine in
initial testing.
List of tasks completed
- Added CMake build configurations for all the C/C++ agents for
executables, libraries, and coverages
- Added CMake install configuration for all C/C++ and PHP agents as well
as extra components
- Reworked the shell scripts and generated source files to make them
more compatible with CMake as well as better in terms of overall
compatibility with the latest tools.
## Improvements
- The new CMake build architecture is much more flexible to changes as
compared to hard-coded Makefiles.
- CMake generated configurations support parallel build by default, this
has led to significant improvement in build time. CMake generated
configuration can now build the whole project within 2 mins or even
faster on more powerful CPUs (Both Ninja and Makefiles with the same
number of parallel processes) compared to 4-5 minutes previously.
*(These results are averaged from initial testing of new build
architecture)*
- CMake supports out-source builds by default, which means the source
folders are not touched/modified while building, all build files and
residuals get their separate folder and the source tree can be cleaned
easily.
- Developers can now opt for a long list of generators to build
FOSSology e.g Makefiles, Ninja as per their needs.
## How to test
Instructions to test the new Build system is in [this](https://github.com/avinal/fossology/wiki#test-the-new-system-only-gcc-with-make-and-ninja-tested-for-now) wiki.
## Known Issues
- There may be a permission issue with some generated sources while
building. This can be bypassed for now by running
`sudo chmod +x <filename>` command.
- Coverage builds may fail.
## Postponed Tasks
- configuration for tests are skipped for now
## Work in Progress
- Currently, I am working on packaging the FOSSology with CMake.
+49
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
---
category: gsoc
date: 2021-05-28T21:00:00
description: This meeting is the first of the recurring weekly GSoC project meetings.
In this meeting the current status of progress according to the proposal was discussed
and some topics related to current build system based on Make and the new build
system based on CMake.
image: /images/tech-wallpaper-1.webp
tags:
- gsoc
- fossology
title: Community Bonding Meeting 0
---
This meeting is the first of the recurring weekly GSoC project meetings. In this meeting the current status of progress according to the proposal was discussed and some topics related to current build system based on Make and the new build system based on CMake.
## Discussions
- **The current progress according to schedule**
- The blog on CMake is on the way.
- I have gone through the Makefiles to get a rough estimate of the
work.
- Published the GSoC project blog
- **How are agents related to each other in terms of compilation?**
- Each agent is independently compiled and generally use the source
code in `lib` folder. If any agent needs other agent then it uses
the library files instead.
- **Does every agent have a executable and library?**
- Not necessarily, there are agents written in C, C++ and PHP,
depending on what is the use the configuration can be different.
## Conclusion and Further Plans
- It would be better if I get started by creating CMake configuration
for any of the agent.
- Fork and create a branch for development and mention the same in blog
or wiki.
- Add a timeline section in blog or wiki as provided in the project
proposal.
- Publish the CMake introductory blog.
- Prepare a prototype/plan for next week.
- Find out the best alternative for handling the global variables.
## Attendees
- [Gaurav Mishra](https://github.com/GMishx)
- [Anupam Ghosh](https://github.com/ag4ums)
- [Ayush Bhardwaj](https://github.com/hastagAB)
- [Avinal Kumar](https://github.com/avinal)
+41
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
---
category: gsoc
date: 2021-06-04T22:30:00
description: In this second meeting points over default Makefiles were discussed.
Ninja can be used as an alternative for Makefiles.
image: /images/tech-wallpaper-2.webp
tags:
- gsoc
- fossology
title: Community Bonding Meeting 1
---
In this second meeting points over default Makefiles were discussed. Ninja can be used as an alternative for Makefiles.
## Discussions
- **What is the use of** `Makefile.deps` **and** `Makefile.process`
**files?**
- `Makefile.deps` consists of many used and unused snippets. These
snippets help setup the build and test environment for fossology.
Since there are many directories that are hardcoded, special care is
required while replacing this file.
- `Makefile.process` generates a master variable from list of
variables. It assists the script in `Makefile.conf` file. These
files together generate a list of variables that can be used
throughout the build process.
- The build can be made faster using **Ninja** instead of **Make**.
- Ninja supports parallel builds by default.
- Print the flags used once the CMake configuration is working. That
will help us debug the process.
## Conclusion and Further Plans
- Write a *CMakeLists.txt* for **lib**.
- Push the working branch and update the link either on wiki or blog.
## Attendees
- [Gaurav Mishra](https://github.com/GMishx)
- [Anupam Ghosh](https://github.com/ag4ums)
- [Avinal Kumar](https://github.com/avinal)
+100
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
---
category: gsoc
date: 2021-08-06T22:47:00
description: This week I worked on CMake testing configuration. Most of the time was
spent understanding the previous testing architecture.
image: /images/tech-wallpaper-11.webp
tags:
- gsoc
- FOSSology
title: Coding Week 9 Meeting
---
This week I worked on CMake testing configuration. Most of the time was spent understanding the previous testing architecture.
## Week 9 Progress
> Initial CMake testing configuration added.
>
> - Few tests working, e.g copyright, nomos
> - Improved packaging configurations
> - To test the current progress, follow the instructions [here](https://github.com/avinal/FOSSology/wiki#test-the-new-system-only-gcc-with-make-and-ninja-tested-for-now)
## Discussions
- **Is this a necessity that tests must be run as the fossy user?
Because when I run tests as me they as for permissions. But proceeds
as the fossy user.**
- No this is not required and this should not happen. They run under
fossy as they sometimes require writing into /srv/fossology. But if
they can run under other users that is an enhancement.
- **I am getting a lot of install issues in C/C++ agent tests?**
``` bash
Start 3: delagent_unit_test
3: Test command: /home/avinal/Documents/my_git/fossology/build/src/delagent/agent_tests/test_delagent
3: Test timeout computed to be: 10000000
3: install: cannot stat '/home/avinal/Documents/my_git/fossology/build/src/delagent/agent_tests/..//../../install/defconf/Db.conf': No such file or directory
3: install: cannot stat '/home/avinal/Documents/my_git/fossology/build/src/delagent/agent_tests/..//VERSION': No such file or directory
3: sh: 1: ../../../testing/db/createTestDB.php: not found
3: Failed to run ../../../testing/db/createTestDB.php -c /home/avinal/Documents/my_git/fossologbuild/src/delagent/agent_tests/testconf -e, exit code is:127 .
3/8 Test #3: delagent_unit_test ...............***Failed 0.02 sec
```
- Not sure about the reason. I was suspecting Makefile but since they
are gone now, I think PHP files are calling some shell commands
causing this.
- **Suggestions/Changes from Gaurav for fixing tests.**
- For clib-tests, it needs to be called from PHP file (via PHPUnit) as
it requires setting up a dummy repo. Check the
`src/lib/c/test/Makefile`
- For missing services.xml, the test cases include
`src/lib/php/common-container.php` which loads the file. It expects
it to be in current dir. Can be solved in two ways
- Create another common-container.php just for test cases with
correct paths.
- Edit the current file and take the help of environment variables.
For example, if a test variable is exported in env, find the XML
relative to it otherwise continue as normal and this variable can
be exported by CMake during the test.
- Scheduler tests do need `fossology_testconfig` from Makefile.deps
which set up the srv and create test configurations, DB, etc.
- Another shell script can be written to do all that and call it
from CMake. The PHP file called makes everything required in /tmp
so not an issue.
- The locations like `LOG_DIR, FOSSDB_CONF`, etc. in CMakeLists.txt
can be changed to some other values. I am guessing this is the
reason you were asked for the fossy password.
- File `src/copyright/agent_tests/Functional/cli_test.sh` needs to be
edited to take paths relative to build dir. It can also be made into
a .in file which is generated from CMake? So every path can easily
be updated.
- For PHP agents with missing version.php issue, there is a hack
possible
- Check
<https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.set-include-path.php>
- Another hack will be to use soft links for version.php in the
source.
- Other PHP issues like
`PHP Fatal error: Uncaught Error: Class 'Fossology\Lib\Agent\Agent' not found`
can only be solved by editing composer.json before doing composer
install (look for autoload: psr-4 ).
- For delagent, pkgagent, mimetype issues, something can be done here:
<https://github.com/avinal/fossology/blob/avinal/feat/testing/src/testing/db/c/libfodbreposysconf.c#L349>
## Conclusion and Further Plans
- Raise a pull request for all the progress till now.
- Refactor the test source code according to suggestions.
- Implement remaining testing configurations.
## Attendees
- [Gaurav Mishra](https://github.com/GMishx)
- [Anupam Ghosh](https://github.com/ag4ums)
- [Avinal Kumar](https://github.com/avinal)
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---
category: gsoc
date: 2021-08-14T22:47:00
description: This week I implemented CMake testing configuration and fixed most of
the tests. As of now all but 5 tests are working fine.
image: /images/tech-wallpaper-12.webp
tags:
- gsoc
- FOSSology
title: Coding Week 10 Meeting
---
This week I implemented CMake testing configuration and fixed most of the tests. As of now all but 5 tests are working fine.
## Week 9 Progress
> Testing configuration for all agents added
>
> - GitHub Actions Configuration added
> - Fixed and refactored most of the tests
> - Raised a pull request for all the works till now. [#2075](https://github.com/fossology/fossology/pull/2075)
> - To test the current progress, follow the instructions [here](https://github.com/avinal/FOSSology/wiki#test-the-new-system-only-gcc-with-make-and-ninja-tested-for-now)
## Discussions
- **I suspect that the Ojo regression test's expected data file is
outdated**
- Michael said that on their internal Jenkins CI, these tests are not
being run currently, so this might be possible that the file is
outdated.
- **Since some of the tests need Makefile to install while testing,
CMake generated Makefiles and test Makefiles are conflicting, and
hence we are forced to use Ninja for testing. What can I do about
it?**
- Michael suggested using `--file=filename` flag with the make command
and change the name of the test Makefile to something else. This
will solve the problem.
- **Mimetype is detecting executables as shared lib, is that expected or
needs to be fixed?**
- Mimetype internally depends on the *file* command to get the
mime-type. If the output of the *file* command is also the same then
it is okay.
- **What is** `folderlist` **in
<https://github.com/fossology/fossology/blob/master/src/delagent/agent_tests/Functional/ft_cliDelagentTest.php#L126>
?**
- `folderlist` is a view. Use `createViews()` function.
- **Suggestions/Changes from Gaurav for fixing phpunit tests.**
- Please note the changes in `setUp()` function in
`src/lib/php/tests/test_common_license_file.php`
- The test database name is given to the constructor of TestPgDb and
can be anything as it gets deleted in `teardown()`
- The `dbmanager` is provided by the object, no need to initialize
global `PG_CONN` (it will be exposed by the library in case some of
the functions need it).
- All the tables needs to be explicitly mentioned to
`createPlainTables()` and their corresponding `createSequences()`
(you can get them using `\d tablename` from existing DB easily. Then
call the `alterTables()` to update the sequence. (I am not sure if
`createConstraints()` is required at all, try to remove)
- `tearDown()` is pretty easy, just need to call `fullDestruct()`. For
debugging, you can add `exit(-1);` after any line you as suspecting,
connect to DB and checkout the database, select/inspect tables.
- There is also `TestInstaller` class in case any of test case needs
the whole mods-enabled with fossology.conf, VERSION, etc. Please
check `src/cli/tests/test_fo_copyright_list.php` for quick
reference.
## Conclusion and Further Plans
- Fix the remaining tests.
- Add week 8, 9 reports.
- Add Final Evaluation Report.
- Complete Final Evaluation.
## Attendees
- [Michael C. Jaeger](https://github.com/mcjaeger)
- [Anupam Ghosh](https://github.com/ag4ums)
- [Avinal Kumar](https://github.com/avinal)
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---
category: gsoc
date: 2021-06-11T23:30:40
description: In this third meeting, I demoed the working build system, currently building
executables and libraries, a lot of queries were resolved about writing version
files and attaching commits and hashes to the build.
image: /images/tech-wallpaper-3.webp
tags:
- gsoc
- FOSSology
title: Coding Week 1 Meeting
---
In this third meeting, I demoed the working build system, currently building executables and libraries, a lot of queries were resolved about writing version files and attaching commits and hashes to the build.
## Week 1 Progress
> This week was mainly focused on analyzing the previous build system and framing a skeleton for the new build system.
>
> - Created the build configuration [analysis table](https://github.com/avinal/FOSSology/wiki/agents-spec#agents-configuration-list).
> - Completed the basic skeleton.
> - Completed the CMake configuration for libraries
> - To test the current progress, follow the instructions [here](https://github.com/avinal/FOSSology/wiki#test-the-new-system-only-gcc-with-make-and-ninja-tested-for-now)
> - Test on [GitPod](https://gitpod.io/#https://github.com/avinal/FOSSology/tree/avinal/feat/cmake-buildsystem) right inside your browser.
## Discussions
- **What are the flags needed for C and C++?**
- The `-g` flag enables debug.
- The `-O2` flag is used for optimizing.
- In FOSSology these two flags are used together by default for all
build purposes because it is desired to have an optimized binary but
some level of debugging information is also desired.
- **The Makefiles have some compile-time preprocessor macro definitions
that need to be passed to each build.** The Makefiles have all the
path values passed as `'"..value.."'` format *(double quote inside
single quotes)*, however the commands produced by CMake have
`\"..value..\"` format *(escaped double quotes)*. Are they the same or
it needs to be changed?
- Currently, there is nothing to determine if they work the same or
not, but if the compiler would not have accepted them then, it would
have thrown an error. As long it is working these should be fine,
but will need to be checked in the final build.
- **Are all libraries in FOSSology static?**
- No, by default no library is static. The format
`lib<library-name>.a` is confusing but no need to worry about it for
now, if this is working fine then no problem.
- In general, this format denotes a static library.
- **How to add the version and commit information to the builds?**
- I have gone through [this
thread](https://cmake.org/pipermail/cmake/2018-October/068383.html)
on CMake's official mailing list. And they have suggested a lot of
options, but unable to decide which option to use. Gaurav said he
will see into this thread and for now, I should try writing a shell
script and test if that works.
- Same can be tested for the version too.
- **What is** `_squareVisitor.h.pre` **used for?**
- They are used to generate source code at build time.
- **Is there any inheritance structure in the build system?**
*(Michael)*
- For now, I am writing separate modules for the default operations
needed in most configurations. The final structure will be decided
in the final build.
- **Where are all the binaries produced?** *(Gaurav)*
- They are located in the build folder with the same directory
structure as the original project.
- While installing the same will be used and none of the source
folders are ever disturbed.
- **Are all flags taken from the Makefiles itself?** *(Anupam)*
- Yes and No, there are some flags that CMake uses by default, they
can be altered by changing the value for `CMAKE_C_FLAGS` and
`CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS`. One can also append their flags. Since not all
compilation requires all the flags, I have taken the default one
into cache variables, and others are appended while configuring for
a particular project.
## Conclusion and Further Plans
- Try the `monkbulk` in monk and `makefile.sa` in nomos.
- Try adding the version and commit hash info.
- Implement writing version files for each build.
- Add proper comments in the `CMakeLists.txt` files.
## Attendees
- [Michael C. Jaeger](https://github.com/mcjaeger)
- [Shaheem Azmal M MD](https://github.com/shaheemazmalmmd)
- [Gaurav Mishra](https://github.com/GMishx)
- [Anupam Ghosh](https://github.com/ag4ums)
- [Ayush Bhardwaj](https://github.com/hastagAB)
- [Avinal Kumar](https://github.com/avinal)
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---
category: gsoc
date: 2021-06-18T23:30:00
description: In this fourth meeting, a lot of questions were discussed related to
the existing build system and what things we have to drop or modify.
image: /images/tech-wallpaper-4.webp
tags:
- gsoc
- FOSSology
title: Coding Week 2 Meeting
---
In this fourth meeting, a lot of questions were discussed related to the existing build system and what things we have to drop or modify.
## Week 2 Progress
> This week was mainly focused on creating CMake configuration for libraries, executables and coverage.
>
> - Added the configuration for libraries and executables
> - Resolved parallel build problems with coverage configs
> - Implemented generated source configurations
> - To test the current progress, follow the instructions [here](https://github.com/avinal/FOSSology/wiki#test-the-new-system-only-gcc-with-make-and-ninja-tested-for-now)
## Discussions
- **Should I generalize the coverage build for each agent?**
- Coverage depends on the agent_tests and may or may not be available
for all the agent. So follow the Makefiles and add the configuration
as it is in them.
- Leave coverage for them who don't have it already in their
Makefiles.
- **What are :code:\`\$(AGENTLIB) \$(REPO) \$(DB)\` in the Makefiles?**
- They seems to be remains of previous build configuration. Until
there is a problem, ignore if you can not find the definitions.
- **Can I refactor the directory structure of nomos and monk, it will
help keep the source code generation out of source directory?**
- Yeah, sure. As long as it does not affects the working of the
project you may refactor them to suit your needs.
- **I am facing problems with due to headers included using angled
brackets, can I change them to double quotes instead?**
- Yeah that would be okay, anyway the general practice is to add user
header files using double quotes.
- **Using -Werror flag in regexscan causes build to fail, should I
remove it?**
- Since `regexscan` is not the part of default build you can ignore
it.
- **In scheduler source code the preprocessor macro value for
FOSSDB_CONF is different from that in lib, is that correct?**
- We have made some changes, please change it to the same as in lib.
## Conclusion and Further Plans
- Try adding the version and commit hash info.
- Implement writing version files for each build.
- Add proper comments in the `CMakeLists.txt` files.
- Complete the coverage build configuration
- Start implementing the install configurations
## Attendees
- [Michael C. Jaeger](https://github.com/mcjaeger)
- [Shaheem Azmal M MD](https://github.com/shaheemazmalmmd)
- [Gaurav Mishra](https://github.com/GMishx)
- [Avinal Kumar](https://github.com/avinal)
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---
category: gsoc
date: 2021-06-22T23:22:00
description: In this fifth meeting, question related to versioning and obtaining commit
hash were discussed, this was a short meeting.
image: /images/tech-wallpaper-5.webp
tags:
- gsoc
- FOSSology
title: Coding Week 3 Meeting
---
In this fifth meeting, question related to versioning and obtaining commit hash were discussed, this was a short meeting.
## Week 3 Progress
> Version file Implementation
>
> - Initial functions on obtaining commit and branch info
> - To test the current progress, follow the instructions [here](https://github.com/avinal/FOSSology/wiki#test-the-new-system-only-gcc-with-make-and-ninja-tested-for-now)
## Discussions
- **What is the regex expression used for obtaining version
information?**
- The regex has recently been modified to cover recent versions. The
latest form is as below:
``` cpp
([[:digit:]]+.[[:digit:]]+.[[:digit:]]+)(-?rc[[:digit:]]+)?-?([[:digit:]]*)-?[[:alnum:]]*
```
- You can also try alternatives to regex if possible for CMake.
- **Should I use** `git describe --tags` **or**
`git describe --always HEAD` **for obtaining version information?**
- In FOSSology we always use `git describe --tags`, no exception
whatsoever.
- CMake provides a preset configuration for the install path on GNU
systems, you can see the description
[here](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.10/module/GNUInstallDirs.html)
based on the
[configuration](https://www.gnu.org/prep/standards/html_node/Directory-Variables.html)
suggested by the GNU After comparing the variables defined in
Makefile.conf with these, it seems directly taken from GNU standards.
So I wanted to ask if this would be okay to stick to the presets,
instead of manually declaring the same paths? The former step will
reduce the number of variables we are currently caching and will make
it flexible for different installation scenarios.
- Using the GNU standards is the ideal situation but FOSSology uses
slightly different locations. For example, all agents end up under
`/usr/local/share/fossology/` with their individual folders instead
of going to `/usr/local/bin/`.
- If the same results can be achieved by using the
`CMAKE_INSTALL_<dir>` and `CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX` then yeah, it will
be preferred.
## Conclusion and Further Plans
- Try adding the version and commit hash info.
- Implement writing version files for each build.
## Attendees
- [Michael C. Jaeger](https://github.com/mcjaeger)
- [Gaurav Mishra](https://github.com/GMishx)
- [Avinal Kumar](https://github.com/avinal)
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---
category: gsoc
date: 2021-06-29T23:22:00
description: In this seventh meeting question related to installing the FOSSology
were discussed.
image: /images/tech-wallpaper-6.webp
tags:
- gsoc
- FOSSology
title: Coding Week 4 Meeting-1
---
In this seventh meeting question related to installing the FOSSology were discussed.
## Week 4 Progress
> CMake configuration files have been refactored to make each agent as a separate sub-project.
>
> - Symbolic links are installing.
> - VERSION files can be generated now during configure step
> - To test the current progress, follow the instructions [here](https://github.com/avinal/FOSSology/wiki#test-the-new-system-only-gcc-with-make-and-ninja-tested-for-now)
## Discussions
- **There are two types of replacements CMake can configure file with.**
`@VARIABLE@` **and** `${VARIABLE}` **. Since in PHP** `$variable` **is
used, it may create problem for CMake replacements. So may I replace
them?**
- Yeah sure, go ahead. It will be more robust.
- The replacement of `$VARIABLE` can be stopped by using `@ONLY`
option in `configure_file(...)` command.
- **How to generate vendor directory?**
- The code for generating vendor directory is in `src/Makefile`.
- Before executing code for the generation, make sure to copy
`composer.json` and `composer.lock` to the target directory.
- There is also a patch that FOSSology needs to function as intended.
Make sure to run that patch to check and apply.
- For now, we generate *vendor* while building, but it would be nice
if it can be generated in the build step.
- **Currently I am generating the VERSION file in configure step itself.
Should I move it to the build or install step?**
- Yeah, please move it to the build step. As in configure step the
data might be outdated.
- **Is there any configuration for Release that we can use to install or
test?** *(Michael)*
- Yeah, there are 4 inbuilt configurations for various levels of
optimization and can be applied to tests and installation.
- **Is the VERSION file is generated for each agent or whole project at
once? Because in the latter case, the VERSION file can be generated as
the last step.**
- No agent has a VERSION file along with the main VERSION file for
FOSSology.
- **How I can build and install a single agent or component?**
- There are two ways you can build and install a specific agent or
component only.
- The first one is quite simple. Just change your directory to the
specific agent's directory and run all the usual commands for
building and installing.
- The second one is a bit for typing work. This can be used directly
from the top-level directory. After configuring the CMake, you can
run the following command to install the specific component.
``` bash
# for Unix Makefiles
make list_install_component # this will list all the available components
cmake -DCOMPONENT=<component-name> -P cmake_install.cmake
```
- I am writing a macro that will let us install a component by simply
running `make install component`.
## Conclusion and Further Plans
- Implement generation of vendor directory.
- Move VERSION file generation to build step.
## Attendees
- [Michael C. Jaeger](https://github.com/mcjaeger)
- [Gaurav Mishra](https://github.com/GMishx)
- [Avinal Kumar](https://github.com/avinal)
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---
category: gsoc
date: 2021-07-02T22:22:00
description: In this eighth meeting questions related to post install generation were
asked. This was a short meeting.
image: /images/tech-wallpaper-7.webp
tags:
- gsoc
- FOSSology
title: Coding Week 4 Meeting-2
---
In this eighth meeting questions related to post install generation were asked. This was a short meeting.
## Week 4 Progress
> Version parsing logic implemented.
>
> - VERSION and COMMIT_HASH added to every executables.
> - Installing part is complete except `cli`.
> - Symbolic Links are installing and working fine.
> - Version, Symbolic Links, `VERSION` file generation, `version.php` generation are now more modular and called via a single function for each agent
> - Most dependencies are now moved to single configuration file.
> - Vendor directory generation and installing are now working.
> - To test the current progress, follow the instructions [here](https://github.com/avinal/FOSSology/wiki#test-the-new-system-only-gcc-with-make-and-ninja-tested-for-now)
## Discussions
- **Why all the symbolic links in cli points to** `fo_wrapper`
**script?**
- The `fo_wrapper` script calls the PHP script on the symbolic link
that called the fo_wrapper. It also initializes any requirement
before calling the scripts.
- **How to generate all the other configuration in**
`/usr/local/etc/fossology` **directory?**
- You can find the input files for all these configurations in the
`install/defcon` directory.
- **What are** `OBSOLETEFILES` **in** `www/ui/Makefile` **?**
- They are kept for compatibility purposes. Although they have been
removed in the current versions of FOSSology, if a user installs a
new version on top of an older instance, then we should explicitly
remove those files.
- **I have created a separate folder for generating vendor directory. Is
that okay?**
- Yeah, it should be fine, But it would be better to rename it to
something else. Or even better if moved to *www* itself. Since these
files are used by www.
## Conclusion and Further Plans
- Move `vendor` scripts to `www` directory.
- Implement installing for FOSSology cli.
- Implement installing configuration scripts.
- Finish installation for testing
## Attendees
- [Gaurav Mishra](https://github.com/GMishx)
- [Avinal Kumar](https://github.com/avinal)
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---
category: gsoc
date: 2021-07-09T22:22:00
description: This week was dedicated to perfecting CMake Installation Configuration.
The installation was tested and bugs were discussed.
image: /images/tech-wallpaper-8.webp
tags:
- gsoc
- FOSSology
title: Coding Week 5 Meeting
---
This week was dedicated to perfecting CMake Installation Configuration. The installation was tested and bugs were discussed.
## Week 5 Progress
> CMake Installation Configuration is almost complete.
>
> - FOSSology can be installed completely via CMake
> - Post install script generation also added
> - To test the current progress, follow the instructions [here](https://github.com/avinal/FOSSology/wiki#test-the-new-system-only-gcc-with-make-and-ninja-tested-for-now)
## Discussions
- There are permission problems while running bash script of `nomos`,
`monk` and `genvendor`.
- One possible fix can be to add `bash` before each bash scripts.
- The other fix is to modify shebang line in each script from
`#!/bin/sh` to `#!/bin/bash`.
- In copyright agent same files are being compiled thrice, this is
slowing down the build.
- I am working on it. The problem is occurring because of three
different executables.
- I will try to combine the common objects together.
- There are some redundant files in the installation. And VERSION file
is missing in `/usr/local/share/fossology`.
## Conclusion and Further Plans
- Fix copyright build.
- Remove redundant files and folders.
- Fix permission issues.
## Attendees
- [Gaurav Mishra](https://github.com/GMishx)
- [Avinal Kumar](https://github.com/avinal)
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---
category: gsoc
date: 2021-07-23T22:22:00
description: This week I implemented CMake packaging configuration for FOSSology.
There were two meetings in this week and this report covers both of them.
image: /images/tech-wallpaper-9.webp
tags:
- gsoc
- FOSSology
title: Coding Week 7 Meeting
---
This week I implemented CMake packaging configuration for FOSSology. There were two meetings in this week and this report covers both of them.
## Week 7 Progress
> Initial CMake packaging configuration implemented.
>
> - Packages can be built according to the FOSSology previous packaging structure.
> - Copyright, ecc and keyword now builds faster.
> - To test the current progress, follow the instructions [here](https://github.com/avinal/FOSSology/wiki#test-the-new-system-only-gcc-with-make-and-ninja-tested-for-now)
## Discussions
- **Where I can find packaging info for FOSSology?**
- All the scripts and companion files are located inside `debian`
folder.
- The most important files are `control`, which contains the
dependency and description of each package, and `rules` file, which
contains the make commands for creating the packages.
- **What are** `${shlibs:Depends}` **and** `${misc:Depends}` ?
- They are dependencies required for creating Debian packages. CMake
should be adding them by default so we can safely ignore them.
- **Will the new packages have the same structure as the old ones?**
*(Michael)*
- Yes for compatibility purposes Gaurav has suggested exactly follow
the same structure as the old one.
- **Copyright build is slow because the same object files are being
compiled three times, can you improve that?** *(Gaurav)*
- I can try compiling the common object files beforehand and then
adding the executables. But how to know the common object files?
- Gaurav showed me where in the Makefiles I can find the common object
files.
- There are problems with copying the symbolic link and packaging them.
So I have to find some alternatives to resolve that.
- With component installing, package description can no longer be set.
- The `fossology-common` package contains file from `fossology-db`
package. And the `fossology-db` package is empty.
- Gaurav said this was unexpected and should not happen. This seems to
be a very old bug with packaging.
## Conclusion and Further Plans
- Work more on the packaging.
- Improve compilation of copyright and monk agents
- Try to solve the packaging bug and add a pull request for that.
- Move on to implementing testing configurations.
## Attendees
- [Michael C. Jaeger](https://github.com/mcjaeger)
- [Gaurav Mishra](https://github.com/GMishx)
- [Anupam Ghosh](https://github.com/ag4ums)
- [Shaheem Azmal M MD](https://github.com/shaheemazmalmmd)
- [Avinal Kumar](https://github.com/avinal)
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---
category: gsoc
date: 2021-07-30T22:47:00
description: This week I implemented CMake packaging configuration for FOSSology.
The new configuration fixes issue with previous packaging configurations. It also
retains the component wise installation features.
image: /images/tech-wallpaper-10.webp
tags:
- gsoc
- FOSSology
title: Coding Week 8 Meeting
---
This week I implemented CMake packaging configuration for FOSSology. The new configuration fixes issue with previous packaging configurations. It also retains the component wise installation features.
## Week 8 Progress
> CMake Packaging configuration almost completed.
- Packages can be built according to the FOSSology previous packaging structure.
- Initial testing configuration added.
- Ninja build has been fixed.
- To test the current progress, follow the instructions [here](https://github.com/avinal/FOSSology/wiki#test-the-new-system-only-gcc-with-make-and-ninja-tested-for-now)
## Discussions
- **How is the testing implemented in FOSSology?**
- Not all agents have testing implemented.
- There are two types of tests *Unit* and *Functional*.
- At first, the test executable calls multiple PHP scripts to create a
test environment. And then tests are executed.
- Files related to testing and common for all the agents are in
`src/testing`
- Other tests depends on `phpunit`. This *PHPUnit* is generated inside
`vendor`.
- **As of now, the testing configurations are hardcoded, what should I
do, because it seems the testing configuration will require changes to
a lot of files?**
- Decide a deadline for the testing configuration and if until that
point there is not very productive implementation then move to the
next task that is implementing CI.
- As of now building, installation, and packaging via CMake is working
and in a stable state. To create an initial Pull Request. This would
also be useful in case of the final evaluation and further testing
will be based on this PR itself.
- Fix any bugs or if there is the scope of improvement in Building,
Installation and Packaging do that.
## Conclusion and Further Plans
- Prepare for an initial PR.
- Fix known bugs and apply Improvements.
- Work on testing configurations.
## Attendees
- [Gaurav Mishra](https://github.com/GMishx)
- [Shaheem Azmal M MD](https://github.com/shaheemazmalmmd)
- [Avinal Kumar](https://github.com/avinal)
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---
category: gsoc
date: 2023-03-30T21:14:00
description: It has been 2 years since I was a Google Summer of Code Student. It was
an outstanding opportunity and I really enjoyed working on the project. Not only
that, but it added numerous skills to my resume and polished many others. Today
I want to make my proposal public, that helped me get selected.
image: /images/panda-engineer.webp
tags:
- gsoc
- fossology
- proposal
title: New Build System and improving CI/CD workflow
---
It has been 2 years since I was a Google Summer of Code Student. It was an outstanding opportunity and I really enjoyed working on the project. Not only that, but it added numerous skills to my resume and polished many others. Today I want to make my proposal public, that helped me get selected.
## Current Build System and Workflow
### Build System
FOSSologys build system is based on multilevel Makefile that work together to
provide a build infrastructure for the project. Although make is a robust build
system, but it is too outdated and slow compared to modern build systems. Although
build configurations are not supposed to be updated as often as source files,
there are few noticeable problems with make.
* Configuration is mostly hard-coded, i.e., if needed to use different tools or add source files, the Makefile needs to be updated
* All the dependencies and libraries have to be added manually by writing configuration for each of them
* Although the FOSSology project currently supports Linux only, if in the future it has to be ported to other platforms, make wont be able to support it. Hence, it is not future safe.
### Workflow (Continuous Integration)
FOSSology project has been using open-source tier Travis CI for all its continuous
integration and deployment needs. GitHub launched its CI/CD system some years ago,
and it has become a standard for CI/CD. Travis CI does the work but provides significantly
fewer features when compared to GitHub Actions.
* It has been observed that Travis CI is noticeably slower than GitHub Action for a similar configuration
* Travis CI lacks the tight and seamless integration of GitHub Actions with other GitHub Services, some of them are the ability to integrate and communicate with GitHub apps, auto-manage to pull requests and issues, better support for Dockerized builds.
## Why a New Build System(CMake)?
There were many possible candidates for a new build system for the FOSSology project.
Each has its pros and cons. After numerous comparisons and the ability of the new
build system to integrate well with the existing system, CMake seems to be the best
choice. Given below is a quick overview of different build systems and their execution times.
![Configure and Build time comparision](/images/tools-build-comparision.webp)
Here, CMake (Make & Ninja) performs better than average compared to other tools.
The criteria for choosing CMake were not only performance, but many other factors.
* The build system should be easily available on all supported distros - Cmake supports _UNIX, MS Windows (MSVC, Borland, Cygwin, MinGW) and Mac OS X, and more_
* It should be easy to install CMake is available via all popular package managers and repositories
* Should improve build speed In general, CMake always outperforms bare metal make systems.
* The learning curve is not too steep CMake is not very hard and neither too easy to learn. For common projects, it is easy to learn.
### CMake Perks
* No other dependencies apart from the C/C++ compiler
* Includes a testing framework (CTest)
* Includes a multipurpose packaging solution (CPack)
* Migrating from Make to CMake is easier compared to other build systems
* Can generate platform-specific build configuration; hence the same script can be used for multiple platforms
* All modern C/C++ IDEs have inbuilt support for CMake or via a plugin (Visual Studio, XCode, CLion)
* Can load dependencies automatically from the internet or local file system
* Source and build folders are separate by default in CMake, this avoids bloating the source folders and accidentally deleting important files.
### Comparison of CMake and Make syntax
#### Make Syntax
```makefile
CXXFLAGS = -I../include -I.
SRC := $(wildcard *.cc)
DEP := $(patsubst %.cc,%.d,$(SRC))
OBJ := $(patsubst %.cc,%.o,$(SRC))
all: $(PROGNAME)
$(PROGNAME): $(OBJ) ../lib/$(LIBNAME)
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $^ -o $@
%.d: %.cc
$(CXX) -MM $(CXXFLAGS) $< | sed 's/\($*\)\.o[ :]*/\1.o $@ : /g' > $@
ifneq ($(filter clean,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),clean)
-include $(DEP)
endif
clean:
$(RM) $(DEP) $(OBJ) $(PROGNAME)
```
#### Corresponding CMake File
```cmake
include_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../include)
include_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} source)
add_executable(hellocmake ${source})
target_link_libraries(hellocmake LINK_PUBLIC libhellocmake)
```
### How to (c)make the move?
#### Step 1: Determine the total number and types of Makefiles to migrate
We will determine the required time for the whole migration and the number of respective
CMake scripts to be written. In general, CMake scripts have fewer lines than Make
scripts for the same task. However, the top-level CMake configuration can be very
complex depending on how many configurations we want to create.
* There are [168 Makefile](https://github.com/search?q=Makefile+repo%3Afossology%2Ffossology+filename%3A%22Makefile%22&type=Code)configurations as of now in FOSSology Project
* Types: Build, Install, Test, Uninstall, Coverage, Clean, Package, and other sister types
#### Step 2: Start migrating Makefiles one agent/directory at a time
The FOSSology projects build system follows a bottom-up approach. That means all
the child directories need to be built first to build their parents. Since most
of the agents in FOSSology are independent programs, their CMake config can be
written separately. I have created a sample project to demonstrate the Make and
CMake syntax and build process. It also demonstrates the cross-platform ability
of CMake. The project can be accessed here: [https://github.com/avinal/make-cmake](https://github.com/avinal/make-cmake)
#### Step 3: Create the Top-Level CMakeLists.txt to link all the libraries
The top-level CMakelIsts.txt will be complex and most of the work, as well as testing,
will be done during this phase. In the initial stage, I plan to create just the
minimum to at least build the whole project in one go without any bells and whistles.
#### Step 4: Add required configurations (Install, Package, Test)
Once the top-level CMakeLists.txt is building the project without any problems.
We will now add the required configurations such as install, package, test, uninstall,
and other configurations.
#### Step 5: Test the new Build System
It is almost done, we may start testing our shiny build system. Checking every
single configuration for errors and loopholes. This step will also make use of a
new CI/CD system for testing purposes. Thus, simultaneously migrating the CI from
Travis CI to GitHub Actions.
## Improving the CI/CD workflow
With the new build system, the FOSSology project will get a new CI/CD too. There
were several tasks proposed for improving the workflow of FOSSology. I have completed
many of them already. Given Below is an overview of the tasks proposed and their status.
* Syntax Check ([#1919](https://github.com/fossology/fossology/pull/1919))
* Static Code Analysis ([#1919](https://github.com/fossology/fossology/pull/1919))
* Copy/Paste Detector ([#1919](https://github.com/fossology/fossology/pull/1919))
* PHP Codesniffer ([#1919](https://github.com/fossology/fossology/pull/1919))
* Docker Tests
* C/C++ agent tests
* PHPUnit tests
* GitHub Page Release ([#1917](https://github.com/fossology/fossology/pull/1917))
* Implementing Caching in workflows
* Implement source install (reference[#207](https://github.com/fossology/fossology/issues/207))
* DOC, Commit, and PR guideline checks
### How will the workflow improve?
We are migrating the whole workflow to the GitHub Actions platform, in general,
GHA provides better integration and builds time.
#### Step 6: Migrate the C/C++ agent tests and PHPUnit Tests
By this time, we have already migrated our build system to CMake and thus the new
workflow will be based on CMake configurations. The goal will be to add more platforms
(Debian/Ubuntu/Fedora etc.) for tests and upgrade the tools to their latest compatible versions.
#### Step 7: Implement Source Install test for Ubuntu, Debian, and Fedora
As of now, source install is not tested for any of the distributions, so this step
aims at adding source install testing capability to the new CI.
#### Step 8: Implement caching in workflows and testing
GitHub Action can store cache dependencies for a given period and thus reduces the
number of times the virtual machine has to fetch packages. This in turn reduces
the overall build time as well as reduces the load on servers.
## Project Deliverables
* New Build System (CMake) for the project
* New Packaging, Install and Test configuration
* C/C++ agents tests for multiple versions of GCC
* PHPUnit tests
* Docker Tests
* Cached Workflows
* Source installs tests for Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora
* Checks for Pull Requests and Commit guidelines
## Other Deliverables
* For track my progress as well as a resource for future contributors, I will be writing a weekly/biweekly blog. The same can be used for preparing the final GSoC report.
* Since CMake will be new for the FOSSology Community, I will document all the important topics that I will come across while migrating the build system. This will be both a handpicked resource and a reference for future contributors.
* I would love to be a part of the community even after GSoC, although the build system and CI/CD doesnt need to be updated that often, I would like to contribute to other parts of the project.
## Experience
I have 3 years of experience in C/C++ programming and one year of experience with
CMake and Make. I have used CMake and Make for many of my projects, as well as contributed
to other open-source projects. Furthermore, I have created/migrated the CI/CD for
many open-source organizations to GitHub Actions, and created many personal projects
using GHA as well.
I have been contributing to many open-source organizations since 2019. I participated
as a Technical Writer in the Google Season of Docs 2021 program under the VideoLAN
organization. So, I have a nice understanding of open-source project workflow and
contribution standards. I am well versed in Git and GitHub.
## Tech Stack
* CI/CD: **GitHub Actions, Travis CI**
* Build Systems: **CMake, Make**
* Languages: **C/C++, PHP, Shell Script**
* Version Control: **Git, GitHub**
* OS: **Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian**
* Compilers: **GCC, Clang**
* Containers: **Docker**
## Proposed Timeline
### Community Bonding (May 17th - June 6th, 2021)
* Discussing and collaborating with fellow participants and getting familiar with the FOSSology community and projects.
* Since CMake is new for our FOSSology community, I will learn and bring in the resources so that people get comfortable with it before the coding period starts.
* Going through the codebase and plan strategies for the migration, his includes identification of various types, segregation of libraries, executables, and dependencies.
### Coding Week 1 (June 7th - June 13th, 2021)
* Plan the priority order of migration, and create lists for all different configurations
* Create CMake configuration for libraries.
* There are approximately 8 libraries, since configuration is not that complex, it should take no longer than 1 week to complete
### Coding Week 2 & 3 (June 14th - June 27th, 2021)🚩
* If libraries are complete, migrate the agents one by one, since FOSSOlogy is based on a modular architecture, many agents can be independently migrated
* There are some 27 agents, 2 agents per day should take 2 weeks; hence I have merged these weeks.
* Time may vary for different agents to be migrated to CMake, but on average, this should take 2 weeks.
* Buffer Period
### Coding Week 4 (June 28th - July 4th, 2021)
* By now all the agents and libraries are migrated and presently the top-level CMakeLists.txt should be created. Since this file will be complex and will need all the child configuration to work, the testing and completion should approximately take 1 week.
* This week will also check the overall gains in terms of performance and stability of the new build system.
* This is also the minimum requirement for the build system to be said working and to add more configurations
### Coding Week 5 (July 5th - July 11th, 2021)🚩
* This week will continue the development of the Top-level CMake configuration.
* More configuration will be added for Install, Test, Uninstall, Package
* If completed, testing will start and will continue for the next week
* Buffer Period
### Coding Week 6 (July 12th - July 18th, 2021) First Evaluation
* The build system is a very crucial element of the project; hence it must be tested thoroughly before final rolling.
* This week, I will continue the development of all required configuration and testing of the new Build System.
* By the end of this week, the new build system will be able to properly build the project and use the configurations, this also marks the end of the first phase and first evaluation.
* Buffer Period
### Coding Week 7 (July 19th - July 25th, 2021)
* With all the build system working, this week will be used to migrate the CI from Travis to GitHub Actions starting with the C/C++ agents test
* Now the C++ agent tests will be executed using the new Build System
* If completed, then the PHPUnit test migration will start
### Coding Week 8 (July 26th - August 1st, 2021)🚩
* Complete the PHPUnit CI migration
* Add Docker tests
* Start implementing source install test CI
### Coding Week 9 (August 2nd - August 8th, 2021)
* Complete Source Install CI
* Start implementing workflow caching
* Fixing bugs and clearing backlogs
* Buffer Period
### Coding week 10 (August 9th - August 15th, 2021)🚩
* Checking the build system
* Checking the CI/CD
* Completing reports and documentation
* Update the existing documentation and readme for the new build system and CI
### Final Evaluations (August 16th - August 23rd, 2021)
* Code and report submission
### Milestones 🚩
1. All agents and libraries have now a CMake build configuration
2. Top-level CMake configuration with a stable build
3. Top-level CMake configuration with other configs i.e. install, package, test
4. C/C++ agent tests, PHPUnit test implemented in CI
5. CI/CD is complete according to the task list
## **Pre GSoC Involvements**
### In FOSSology
* [feat(CI): Migrate API docs generation and deployment to GitHub Actions](https://github.com/fossology/fossology/pull/1917) [MERGED]
* [feat(CI): Migrate Static Checks and Analysis to GitHub Actions from Travis CI](https://github.com/fossology/fossology/pull/1919) [MERGED]
* [fix(make): Fix warnings in make for Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS](https://github.com/fossology/fossology/pull/1923) [OPEN]
* [Upgrade this project from PHP 7 to PHP 8](https://github.com/fossology/fossology/issues/1920) [ISSUE]
* [Improving build system and CI/CD flow](https://github.com/fossology/fossology/discussions/1931) [DISCUSSION]
### Other Contributions
* [VideoLAN/VLC for Android User Documentation](https://code.videolan.org/docs/vlc-android-user) [PROJECT]
* [boostorg/gil](https://github.com/boostorg/gil/issues?q=author%3Aavinal) [2 PR, 1 ISSUE]
* [embox/embox](https://github.com/embox/embox/issues?q=author%3Aavinal) [1 PR]
* [JetBrains/swot](https://github.com/JetBrains/swot/pulls?q=author%3Aavinal) [1 PR]
* [jupyter-xeus/xeus-sqlite](https://github.com/jupyter-xeus/xeus-sqlite/issues?q=author%3Aavinal) [1 PR, 1 ISSUE]
* [github/explore](https://github.com/github/explore/pulls?q=avinal) [2 PR]
## My Development Environment
* Operating Systems: Ubuntu 20.04 LTS, Windows 10 20H2
* Editors: Visual Studio Code, Vim
* IDE: Visual Studio, CLion
* Internet Speed: 20 Mbps
## References and Resources
1. [A sample Make CMake project structure and comparison](https://github.com/avinal/make-cmake)
2. [CMake Reference Documentation — CMake 3.20.0 Documentation](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/)
3. [A simple comparison](https://mesonbuild.com/Simple-comparison.html) of different build systems
4. [Why the KDE project switched to CMake -- and how (continued)](https://lwn.net/Articles/188693/)
5. [bksys / scons (Re: win32 port)](https://mail.kde.org/pipermail/kde-buildsystem/2006-January/000410.html)
6. [CMake vs Make](https://prateekvjoshi.com/2014/02/01/cmake-vs-make/)
## Motivation
Ever since I came to know about GSoC(that was in my first year), I wanted to be
a part of it. This was even before I got the idea of Open Source. Once I started
contributing to open source, I started liking it and gradually became a part. I
did Google Season of Docs 2020 under the VideoLAN organization and got a nice overview
of open-source development, communities, and programs.
I found that the FOSSology community is very passionate about open-source contributions,
and they welcome experts and noobs alike. Other than that, open community meetings
are one of the best things I encountered in my open-source journey. I hope by being
a part of this community I will exchange skills and experiences and thus help both
the community and me.
## Commitments
This summer, I dont have any classes or internships. I found this project very
fascinating, and I have already worked out a portion of this project, so this project
is my _priority_. Although the program is supposed to be part-time, I will be able
to work full time as well on weekends. I will attend all the meetings and prepare
reports on time. I am an active member of the community presently, and will continue
the streak during GSoC as well as after GSoC.
**Thanks**
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---
draft: true
---
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---
title: Everything on my Pi
date: 2024-04-29T10:47:00
category: raspi
image: /images/big-raspberry-pi.webp
description: A list of everything I have installed on my Raspberry Pi 5 and 4B.
tags:
- raspi
- linux
- pi
- raspbian
- debian
- ubuntu
- server
- docker
---
I always wanted to have my self-hosted server when I was in college. Never had enough money to do much until recently.
So after I got my first job, I have invested moderately (heavily ;)) in gadgets and stuff. And one of my most prized
possession is my Raspberry Pi 4 and Raspberry Pi 5. I have been using it for a while now, and I have installed many
useful things on both of them. So I thought I would share it with everyone. This is a list of everything I have on my
Pi.
## Hardware and Specifications
- [Raspberry Pi 5 8GB Model](https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/raspberry-pi-5/)
- [Raspberry Pi 4B 8GB Model](https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/)
- [Raspberry Pi 15W USB-C Power Supply](https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/type-c-power-supply/)
- [Raspberry Pi 27W USB-C Power Supply](https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/27w-power-supply/)
- [Samsung SSD 970 EVO Plus 500GB](https://www.samsung.com/us/computing/memory-storage/solid-state-drives/ssd-970-evo-plus-nvme-m-2-500gb-mz-v7s500b-am/)
- [WD Blue SA510 SATA SSD M.2 2280](https://www.westerndigital.com/en-in/products/internal-drives/wd-blue-sa510-sata-m-2-ssd?sku=WDS500G3B0B)
- [Pimoroni NVMe Base for Raspberry Pi 5](https://shop.pimoroni.com/products/nvme-base?variant=41219587178579)
- [PiBOX NVMe SSD Enclosure](https://pibox.in/product/nvme-m2-enclosure-pibox-india-nvme-ssd-enclosure-usb-3-2-10gbps-tool-free-m-2-nvme-case-pci-e-nvme-reader-usb-c-supports-m-bm-keys-2230-2242-2260-2280-ssds-powerful-jm583-chipset/)
I already had a good quality ethernet cables and micro SD cards lying around. You may ask if I am using SSD then why use
a SD Card. The simple answer is that I am using an SSD for storing everything, but all the OS functions are still run on
the SD card. In an unlikely event, I can just pull out the SSD and plug it in a different machine to access my data.
## Applications I am hosting
I won't be going into many details about my configurations in this post. I will probably cover them in separate posts.
Here I will put a list of all the applications I am hosting and what I use them for.
I am using [Tailscale](https://tailscale.com/) to connect to my servers. They are locked down for access without
Tailscale network. There is an open source alternative called [Headscale](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale) as
well, but I haven't given much though of self-hosting them yet. For server management I am
using [RunTipi](https://runtipi.io/). It uses docker compose to manage all application install.
I will be listing the applications in the decreasing order of my priority.
### Immich
| Website | Source | Category | Platforms | Similar |
|-------------------------------|------------------------------------------------|--------------------------|-------------------|---------------|
| [Immich](https://immich.app/) | [GitHub](https://github.com/immich-app/immich) | Photos and Videos Backup | Web, Android, iOS | Google Photos |
Immich is the best open source and feature rich replacement to Google Photos. For starters the installation is very
easy, and you can install clients on Android and iOS. You can also use a CLI import tool to upload all your media
easily. You get most of the Google Photos feature expect the editing tools. The project is in active development and the
feature set is increasing day-by-day. You can see a comparision with other FOSS
alternatives [here](https://meichthys.github.io/foss_photo_libraries/).
### Paisa
| Website | Source | Category | Platforms | Similar |
|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|-----------|------------------|
| [Paisa](https://paisa.fyi/) | [GitHub](https://github.com/ananthakumaran/paisa) | Finance and Budget Manager | Web | Beancount,ledger |
It is really hard to keep track of all expenses from multiple accounts and credit cards. There are great solutions and
applications but either they are too [complex](https://www.firefly-iii.org/) or paid. If you still decide to use them
most of them don't fit well with Indian users, simply because they were not planned with such users in mind. Nothing
wrong there but mindset and habits of users matters a lot in such kind of applications. This application became my
immediate favorite once I installed. There are many thing this application gets right. First of them is the ease to
use UI and use of India specific terms and inspired from Indian spending habits. There is a bit of learning curve since
this application builds on top of [Plain Text Accouting](https://plaintextaccounting.org/), but it starts making sense
once you learn it. The developer is an experienced Software engineer from India. This will work for most of the world
but for Indian users this is a must-have if you are looking for such application. I wish it can have an android app as
well. But the current web UI is more than enough.
### Vikunja
| Website | Source | Category | Platforms | Similar |
|--------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|--------------|-----------|-----------------------|
| [Vikunja](https://vikunja.io/) | [Gitea](https://kolaente.dev/vikunja/vikunja) | Todo, Kanban | Web | Google Tasks, Todoist |
There are many great open source todo and kanban applications, I have tested many of them and settled for Vikunja. For
personal use it was easy to set up. It has all the necessary features but is not bloated. The UI is good and it also
supports CalDAV. An Android application is still in progress but you can utilize CardDAV with applications
like [DavX5](https://www.davx5.com/) or [Tasks.org](https://tasks.org/). You can also create teams and have
different projects.
### Atuin
| Website | Source | Category | Platforms | Similar |
|----------------------------|--------------------------------------------|--------------------|-----------------------|------------|
| [Atuin](https://atuin.sh/) | [GitHub](https://github.com/atuinsh/atuin) | Shell History sync | Linux, MacOS, Android | zsh-histdb |
I have 4 servers and many devices, it is not often easy to get the similar commands on different machines. That is where
Atuin comes in. Atuin replaces your existing shell history with a SQLite database, and records additional context for
your commands. Additionally, it provides optional and fully encrypted synchronisation of your history between machines,
via an Atuin server.
### Gitea
| Website | Source | Category | Platforms | Similar |
|-----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|------------------|-----------|---------------------------|
| [Gitea](https://about.gitea.com/) | [GitHub](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea) | Git hosting, VCS | Web | GitHub, BitBucket, GitLab |
Gitea is a GitHub replacement written in Go. It includes a lot of features from GitHub including package registry,
CI/CD, team collaboration etc. I have not been actively using it. But I plan to host my personal projects here.
### Paperless-ngx
| Website | Source | Category | Platforms | Similar |
|--------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|--------------|----------|
| [Paperless-ngx](https://docs.paperless-ngx.com/) | [GitHub](https://github.com/paperless-ngx/paperless-ngx) | Document Management System | Web, Android | Docspell |
This is a document management application where I can store my PDF/text documents (not ebooks). It has built in OCR and
other useful feature to organise and search through your documents.
### Shiori
| Website | Source | Category | Platforms | Similar |
|---------|-----------------------------------------------|------------------|----------------------------|--------------------|
| - | [GitHub](https://github.com/go-shiori/shiori) | Bookmark Manager | Web, Linux, MacOS, Windows | LinkWarden, Pocket |
Shiori is a simple bookmarks manager written in the Go language. Intended as a simple clone of Pocket. You can use it as
a command line application or as a web application. This application is distributed as a single binary, which means it
can be installed and used easily. There is a third party Android app as well. You can get
it [here](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.desarrollodroide.pagekeeper/).
## What is missing
I am still searching apps for a general purpose file server and ebook management. A lot of people have suggested and I
have also tried Nextcloud for file storage. I also believe it is the best open source alternative, but deep down it
feels laggy and too much bloated for personal use. I would prefer something very minimal that solely works as a file
server and explore and nothing else. Similarly, with ebooks, Calibre is good, but it feels outdated.
If you do have some great suggestions, please put them in comments down below. You can use GitHub sign in or put an
anonymous comment.
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
---
draft: true
---
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
---
draft: true
---
+60
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baseURL: 'https://avinal.space/'
languageCode: en-us
title: Fedoraemon
menus:
main:
- name: Home
pageRef: /
weight: 10
- name: Posts
pageRef: /posts
weight: 20
- name: Tags
pageRef: /tags
weight: 30
module:
hugoVersion:
extended: false
min: 0.116.0
params:
showWordCount: true
showReadingTime: true
toc: true
numberedSubtitles: true
navs:
- name: Home
link: https://avinal.space
- name: About
link: https://avinal.space/pages/about-me
- name: Blog
link: https://avinal.space/posts
- name: Projects
link: https://avinal.space/pages/projects
- name: GitHub
link: https://github.com/avinal
disableKinds: ["home", "taxonomy"]
taxonomies:
category: category
tag: tags
permalinks:
tags: "/posts/tags/:slug"
category: "/posts/category/:slug"
markup:
highlight:
anchorLineNos: false
# codeFences: true
guessSyntax: false
lineNoStart: 1
# lineNos: true
# lineNumbersInTable: true
noClasses: true
noHl: false
style: base16-snazzy
goldmark:
renderer:
unsafe: true
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
<h{{ .Level }} id="{{ .Anchor | safeURL }}">{{ .Text | safeHTML }}
<a href="#{{ .Anchor | safeURL }}">#</a>
</h{{ .Level }}>
+18
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="{{ or site.Language.LanguageCode site.Language.Lang }}"
dir="{{ or site.Language.LanguageDirection `ltr` }}">
<head>
{{ partial "head.html" . }}
</head>
<body class="bg-neutral-800">
<main class="container mx-auto">
{{ block "main" . }}{{ end }}
<footer>
{{ partial "footer.html" . }}
</footer>
</main>
</body>
</html>
+7
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
{{ define "main" }}
{{ .Content }}
{{ range site.RegularPages }}
<h2><a href="{{ .RelPermalink }}">{{ .LinkTitle }}</a></h2>
{{ .Summary }}
{{ end }}
{{ end }}
+78
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@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
{{ define "main" }}
<div
class="prose prose-invert mx-auto prose-lg prose-a:decoration-cyan-500 hover:prose-a:decoration-pink-500 text-white">
<div class="md:-mx-8 lg:-mx-16 px-8 py-1">
<h1 class="text-5xl font-bold mb-6 mt-12 text-center">{{ .Title }}</h1>
{{ .Content }}
</div>
</div>
<section class="text-gray-100">
<div class="max-w-6xl p-6 mx-auto space-y-6 sm:space-y-12 mb-16">
{{ range first 1 .Pages }}
<div
class="block max-x-sm gap-3 mx-auto sm:max-w-full group hover:no-underline focus:no-underline lg:grid lg:grid-cols-12 bg-neutral-900">
<a class="lg:col-span-7" href="{{ .RelPermalink }}">
<img class="object-cover w-full h-64 rounded sm:h-96 lg:col-span-7" src="{{ .Params.Image | absURL }}"
alt="{{ .LinkTitle }}">
</a>
<div class="p-6 space-y-2 lg:col-span-5">
<a href="{{ .RelPermalink }}">
<h3 class="text-2xl font-semibold sm:text-4xl group-hover:underline group-focus:underline">{{ .LinkTitle }}
</h3>
{{ $dateMachine := .Date | time.Format "2006-01-02T15:04:05-07:00" }}
{{ $dateHuman := .Date | time.Format ":date_long" }}
<time datetime="{{ $dateMachine }}" class="text-gray-400">{{ $dateHuman }}</time>
{{ if gt .ReadingTime 1 }}
{{ .Scratch.Set "timeUnit" "mins" }}
{{ else }}
{{ .Scratch.Set "timeUnit" "min" }}
{{ end }}
{{ if .Site.Params.showReadingTime }}
<span class="text-gray-400"> | ~{{.ReadingTime}} {{ .Scratch.Get "timeUnit" }}</span>
{{ end }}
<p> {{ .Summary | truncate 250 }}</p>
</a>
<span class="flex flex-wrap py-6 space-x-2">
<a class="px-3 py-1 m-1 rounded-sm hover:underline bg-pink-400 text-gray-900 font-bold" href="/posts/category/{{ .Params.Category }}">
{{ .Params.Category }}</a>
</span>
</div>
</div>
{{ end }}
<div class="grid justify-center grid-cols-1 gap-6 sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3">
{{ range after 1 .Pages }}
<div class="max-w-sm mx-auto group hover:no-underline focus:no-underline bg-neutral-900">
<a href="{{ .RelPermalink }}">
<img class="object-cover w-full h-44 rounded" src="{{ .Params.Image | absURL }}" alt="{{ .LinkTitle }}">
</a>
<div class="p-6 space-y-2">
<a href="{{ .RelPermalink }}">
<h3 class="text-2xl font-semibold group-hover:underline group-focus:underline">{{ .LinkTitle }}</h3>
{{ $dateMachine := .Date | time.Format "2006-01-02T15:04:05-07:00" }}
{{ $dateHuman := .Date | time.Format ":date_long" }}
<time datetime="{{ $dateMachine }}" class="text-gray-400">{{ $dateHuman }}</time>
{{ if gt .ReadingTime 1 }}
{{ .Scratch.Set "timeUnit" "mins" }}
{{ else }}
{{ .Scratch.Set "timeUnit" "min" }}
{{ end }}
{{ if .Site.Params.showReadingTime }}
<span class="text-gray-400"> | ~{{.ReadingTime}} {{ .Scratch.Get "timeUnit" }}</span>
{{ end }}
<p> {{ .Summary | truncate 150 }}</p>
</a>
<span class="flex flex-wrap py-6 space-x-2">
<a class="px-3 py-1 m-1 rounded-sm hover:underline bg-pink-400 text-gray-900 font-bold" href="/posts/category/{{ .Params.Category }}">
{{ .Params.Category }}</a>
</span>
</div>
</div>
{{ end }}
</div>
</div>
</section>
{{ end }}
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{{ define "main" }}
<div class="min-h-screen flex flex-col justify-center relative overflow-hidden">
<div class="relative w-full bg-neutral md:max-w-3xl md:mx-auto lg:max-w-4xl lg:pb-28">
<div class="prose prose-invert mx-auto prose-lg prose-a:decoration-cyan-500 hover:prose-a:decoration-pink-500">
<div class="bg-neutral-900 md:-mx-8 lg:-mx-16 px-8 py-1">
{{ partial "header.html" . }}
<article>
{{ if cond (ne .Params.toc nil) .Params.toc .Site.Params.toc }}
{{ if ne .TableOfContents "<nav id=\"TableOfContents\"></nav>" }}
<details class="open:bg-neutral-800 open:border open:rounded open:border-cyan-700 ">
<summary>
<b>In this post, we'll take a look at:</b>
</summary>
<div class="toc {{ if .Site.Params.numberedSubtitles }}numbered-subtitles{{ end }} ">{{ .TableOfContents }}
</div>
</details>
{{ end }}
{{ end }}
{{ .Content }}
</article>
{{ partial "terms.html" (dict "taxonomy" "tags" "page" .) }}
</div>
</div>
{{ partial "comments.html" . (dict "taxonomy" "tags" "page" .) }}
</div>
</div>
{{ end }}
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<script>
!(function (e, n) {
for (var o = 0; o < e.length; o++) {
var r = n.createElement("script"),
c = ".js",
d = n.head || n.body;
"noModule" in r
? ((r.type = "module"), (c = ".mjs"))
: (r.async = !0),
(r.defer = !0),
(r.src = remark_config.host + "/web/" + e[o] + c),
d.appendChild(r);
}
})(remark_config.components || ["embed"], document);
</script>
<div id="remark42" class="md:p-4 mb-16"></div>
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<div class="fixed bottom-0 left-0 bg-neutral-900 p-3 w-full border-t border-cyan-500">
<div class="mx-auto flex justify-center space-x-6 text-gray-400">
{{ range .Site.Params.navs }}
<a class="underline decoration-cyan-500 hover:decoration-pink-500 text-xl" href="{{ .link | safeURL }}">{{ .name
}}</a>
{{ end }}
</div>
</div>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title itemprop="name">{{ if .IsHome }}{{ site.Title }}{{ else }}{{ printf "%s | %s" .Title site.Title }}{{ end }}
</title>
{{ if eq .Section "posts" }}
<meta property="og:title" content="{{ .Title }} | {{ .Site.Title }}" />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="{{ .Title }} | {{ .Site.Title }}" />
<meta itemprop="name" content="{{ .Title }} | {{ .Site.Title }}" />
<meta name="application-name" content="{{ .Title }} | {{ .Site.Title }}" />
<meta property="og:site_name" content="{{ .Site.Params.sitename }}" />
<meta name="description" content="{{ .Params.description }}" />
<meta itemprop="description" content="{{ .Params.description }}" />
<meta property="og:description" content="{{ .Params.description }}" />
<meta name="twitter:description" content="{{ .Params.description }}" />
{{ with .Params.image }}
<meta itemprop="image" content="{{ . | absURL }}" />
<meta property="og:image" content="{{ . | absURL }}" />
<meta name="twitter:image" content="{{ . | absURL }}" />
<meta name="twitter:image:src" content="{{ . | absURL }}" />
{{ else }}
<meta itemprop="image" content="{{ .Site.Params.ogimage | absURL }}" />
<meta property="og:image" content="{{ .Site.Params.ogimage | absURL }}" />
<meta name="twitter:image" content="{{ .Site.Params.ogimage | absURL }}" />
<meta name="twitter:image:src" content="{{ .Site.Params.ogimage | absURL }}" />
{{ end }}
{{ end }}
{{ partialCached "head/css.html" . }}
{{ partialCached "head/js.html" . }}
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{{- with resources.Get "css/main.css" }}
{{- if eq hugo.Environment "development" }}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ .RelPermalink }}">
{{- else }}
{{- with . | minify | fingerprint }}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ .RelPermalink }}" integrity="{{ .Data.Integrity }}" crossorigin="anonymous">
{{- end }}
{{- end }}
{{- end }}
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{{- with resources.Get "js/main.js" }}
{{- if eq hugo.Environment "development" }}
{{- with . | js.Build }}
<script src="{{ .RelPermalink }}"></script>
{{- end }}
{{- else }}
{{- $opts := dict "minify" true }}
{{- with . | js.Build $opts | fingerprint }}
<script src="{{ .RelPermalink }}" integrity="{{- .Data.Integrity }}" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
{{- end }}
{{- end }}
{{- end }}
+25
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<header class="relative">
<img class="object-cover w-full h-60 sm:h-96 brightness-50" src="{{ .Params.Image | absURL }}" alt="{{ .Title }}">
<h1 class="absolute top-1/2 left-1/2 -translate-x-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-center w-full text-white">{{ .Title }}</h1>
<span class="absolute bottom-1/4 left-1/2 -translate-x-1/2 text-base font-sans oldstyle-nums text-center w-full">
<a class="font-bold no-underline hover:text-pink-500" href="/">Avinal Kumar</a>
|
{{ $dateMachine := .Date | time.Format "2006-01-02T15:04:05-07:00" }}
{{ $dateHuman := .Date | time.Format ":date_long" }}
<time datetime="{{ $dateMachine }}">{{ $dateHuman }}</time>
{{ if .Site.Params.showWordCount }}
<span>| {{ .WordCount }} words</span>
{{ end }}
{{ if gt .ReadingTime 1 }}
{{ .Scratch.Set "timeUnit" "mins" }}
{{ else }}
{{ .Scratch.Set "timeUnit" "min" }}
{{ end }}
{{ if .Site.Params.showReadingTime }}
<span>| ~{{.ReadingTime}} {{ .Scratch.Get "timeUnit" }}</span>
{{ end }}
</span>
</header>
+51
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{{- /*
Renders a menu for the given menu ID.
@context {page} page The current page.
@context {string} menuID The menu ID.
@example: {{ partial "menu.html" (dict "menuID" "main" "page" .) }}
*/}}
{{- $page := .page }}
{{- $menuID := .menuID }}
{{- with index site.Menus $menuID }}
<nav>
<ul>
{{- partial "inline/menu/walk.html" (dict "page" $page "menuEntries" .) }}
</ul>
</nav>
{{- end }}
{{- define "partials/inline/menu/walk.html" }}
{{- $page := .page }}
{{- range .menuEntries }}
{{- $attrs := dict "href" .URL }}
{{- if $page.IsMenuCurrent .Menu . }}
{{- $attrs = merge $attrs (dict "class" "active" "aria-current" "page") }}
{{- else if $page.HasMenuCurrent .Menu .}}
{{- $attrs = merge $attrs (dict "class" "ancestor" "aria-current" "true") }}
{{- end }}
{{- $name := .Name }}
{{- with .Identifier }}
{{- with T . }}
{{- $name = . }}
{{- end }}
{{- end }}
<li>
<a
{{- range $k, $v := $attrs }}
{{- with $v }}
{{- printf " %s=%q" $k $v | safeHTMLAttr }}
{{- end }}
{{- end -}}
>{{ $name }}</a>
{{- with .Children }}
<ul>
{{- partial "inline/menu/walk.html" (dict "page" $page "menuEntries" .) }}
</ul>
{{- end }}
</li>
{{- end }}
{{- end }}
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{{- /*
For a given taxonomy, renders a list of terms assigned to the page.
@context {page} page The current page.
@context {string} taxonomy The taxonony.
@example: {{ partial "terms.html" (dict "taxonomy" "tags" "page" .) }}
*/}}
{{- $page := .page }}
{{- $taxonomy := .taxonomy }}
{{- with $page.GetTerms $taxonomy }}
{{- $label := (index . 0).Parent.LinkTitle }}
<span class="flex flex-wrap py-6 space-x-2 border-t border-gray-500">
<!-- <a class="px-3 py-1 m-1 rounded-sm hover:underline bg-pink-400 text-gray-900 font-bold" href="/category/"></a> -->
{{- range . }}
<a class="px-3 py-1 m-1 rounded-sm bg-cyan-500 text-gray-900" href="{{ .RelPermalink }}">#{{ .LinkTitle }}</a>
{{- end }}
</span>
{{- end }}
+545
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/*
! tailwindcss v3.3.6 | MIT License | https://tailwindcss.com
*/
/*
1. Prevent padding and border from affecting element width. (https://github.com/mozdevs/cssremedy/issues/4)
2. Allow adding a border to an element by just adding a border-width. (https://github.com/tailwindcss/tailwindcss/pull/116)
*/
*,
::before,
::after {
box-sizing: border-box;
/* 1 */
border-width: 0;
/* 2 */
border-style: solid;
/* 2 */
border-color: #e5e7eb;
/* 2 */
}
::before,
::after {
--tw-content: '';
}
/*
1. Use a consistent sensible line-height in all browsers.
2. Prevent adjustments of font size after orientation changes in iOS.
3. Use a more readable tab size.
4. Use the user's configured `sans` font-family by default.
5. Use the user's configured `sans` font-feature-settings by default.
6. Use the user's configured `sans` font-variation-settings by default.
*/
html {
line-height: 1.5;
/* 1 */
-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
/* 2 */
-moz-tab-size: 4;
/* 3 */
-o-tab-size: 4;
tab-size: 4;
/* 3 */
font-family: ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji";
/* 4 */
font-feature-settings: normal;
/* 5 */
font-variation-settings: normal;
/* 6 */
}
/*
1. Remove the margin in all browsers.
2. Inherit line-height from `html` so users can set them as a class directly on the `html` element.
*/
body {
margin: 0;
/* 1 */
line-height: inherit;
/* 2 */
}
/*
1. Add the correct height in Firefox.
2. Correct the inheritance of border color in Firefox. (https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=190655)
3. Ensure horizontal rules are visible by default.
*/
hr {
height: 0;
/* 1 */
color: inherit;
/* 2 */
border-top-width: 1px;
/* 3 */
}
/*
Add the correct text decoration in Chrome, Edge, and Safari.
*/
abbr:where([title]) {
-webkit-text-decoration: underline dotted;
text-decoration: underline dotted;
}
/*
Remove the default font size and weight for headings.
*/
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
font-size: inherit;
font-weight: inherit;
}
/*
Reset links to optimize for opt-in styling instead of opt-out.
*/
a {
color: inherit;
text-decoration: inherit;
}
/*
Add the correct font weight in Edge and Safari.
*/
b,
strong {
font-weight: bolder;
}
/*
1. Use the user's configured `mono` font-family by default.
2. Use the user's configured `mono` font-feature-settings by default.
3. Use the user's configured `mono` font-variation-settings by default.
4. Correct the odd `em` font sizing in all browsers.
*/
code,
kbd,
samp,
pre {
font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace;
/* 1 */
font-feature-settings: normal;
/* 2 */
font-variation-settings: normal;
/* 3 */
font-size: 1em;
/* 4 */
}
/*
Add the correct font size in all browsers.
*/
small {
font-size: 80%;
}
/*
Prevent `sub` and `sup` elements from affecting the line height in all browsers.
*/
sub,
sup {
font-size: 75%;
line-height: 0;
position: relative;
vertical-align: baseline;
}
sub {
bottom: -0.25em;
}
sup {
top: -0.5em;
}
/*
1. Remove text indentation from table contents in Chrome and Safari. (https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=999088, https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=201297)
2. Correct table border color inheritance in all Chrome and Safari. (https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=935729, https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=195016)
3. Remove gaps between table borders by default.
*/
table {
text-indent: 0;
/* 1 */
border-color: inherit;
/* 2 */
border-collapse: collapse;
/* 3 */
}
/*
1. Change the font styles in all browsers.
2. Remove the margin in Firefox and Safari.
3. Remove default padding in all browsers.
*/
button,
input,
optgroup,
select,
textarea {
font-family: inherit;
/* 1 */
font-feature-settings: inherit;
/* 1 */
font-variation-settings: inherit;
/* 1 */
font-size: 100%;
/* 1 */
font-weight: inherit;
/* 1 */
line-height: inherit;
/* 1 */
color: inherit;
/* 1 */
margin: 0;
/* 2 */
padding: 0;
/* 3 */
}
/*
Remove the inheritance of text transform in Edge and Firefox.
*/
button,
select {
text-transform: none;
}
/*
1. Correct the inability to style clickable types in iOS and Safari.
2. Remove default button styles.
*/
button,
[type='button'],
[type='reset'],
[type='submit'] {
-webkit-appearance: button;
/* 1 */
background-color: transparent;
/* 2 */
background-image: none;
/* 2 */
}
/*
Use the modern Firefox focus style for all focusable elements.
*/
:-moz-focusring {
outline: auto;
}
/*
Remove the additional `:invalid` styles in Firefox. (https://github.com/mozilla/gecko-dev/blob/2f9eacd9d3d995c937b4251a5557d95d494c9be1/layout/style/res/forms.css#L728-L737)
*/
:-moz-ui-invalid {
box-shadow: none;
}
/*
Add the correct vertical alignment in Chrome and Firefox.
*/
progress {
vertical-align: baseline;
}
/*
Correct the cursor style of increment and decrement buttons in Safari.
*/
::-webkit-inner-spin-button,
::-webkit-outer-spin-button {
height: auto;
}
/*
1. Correct the odd appearance in Chrome and Safari.
2. Correct the outline style in Safari.
*/
[type='search'] {
-webkit-appearance: textfield;
/* 1 */
outline-offset: -2px;
/* 2 */
}
/*
Remove the inner padding in Chrome and Safari on macOS.
*/
::-webkit-search-decoration {
-webkit-appearance: none;
}
/*
1. Correct the inability to style clickable types in iOS and Safari.
2. Change font properties to `inherit` in Safari.
*/
::-webkit-file-upload-button {
-webkit-appearance: button;
/* 1 */
font: inherit;
/* 2 */
}
/*
Add the correct display in Chrome and Safari.
*/
summary {
display: list-item;
}
/*
Removes the default spacing and border for appropriate elements.
*/
blockquote,
dl,
dd,
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6,
hr,
figure,
p,
pre {
margin: 0;
}
fieldset {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
legend {
padding: 0;
}
ol,
ul,
menu {
list-style: none;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
/*
Reset default styling for dialogs.
*/
dialog {
padding: 0;
}
/*
Prevent resizing textareas horizontally by default.
*/
textarea {
resize: vertical;
}
/*
1. Reset the default placeholder opacity in Firefox. (https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/issues/3300)
2. Set the default placeholder color to the user's configured gray 400 color.
*/
input::-moz-placeholder, textarea::-moz-placeholder {
opacity: 1;
/* 1 */
color: #9ca3af;
/* 2 */
}
input::placeholder,
textarea::placeholder {
opacity: 1;
/* 1 */
color: #9ca3af;
/* 2 */
}
/*
Set the default cursor for buttons.
*/
button,
[role="button"] {
cursor: pointer;
}
/*
Make sure disabled buttons don't get the pointer cursor.
*/
:disabled {
cursor: default;
}
/*
1. Make replaced elements `display: block` by default. (https://github.com/mozdevs/cssremedy/issues/14)
2. Add `vertical-align: middle` to align replaced elements more sensibly by default. (https://github.com/jensimmons/cssremedy/issues/14#issuecomment-634934210)
This can trigger a poorly considered lint error in some tools but is included by design.
*/
img,
svg,
video,
canvas,
audio,
iframe,
embed,
object {
display: block;
/* 1 */
vertical-align: middle;
/* 2 */
}
/*
Constrain images and videos to the parent width and preserve their intrinsic aspect ratio. (https://github.com/mozdevs/cssremedy/issues/14)
*/
img,
video {
max-width: 100%;
height: auto;
}
/* Make elements with the HTML hidden attribute stay hidden by default */
[hidden] {
display: none;
}
*, ::before, ::after {
--tw-border-spacing-x: 0;
--tw-border-spacing-y: 0;
--tw-translate-x: 0;
--tw-translate-y: 0;
--tw-rotate: 0;
--tw-skew-x: 0;
--tw-skew-y: 0;
--tw-scale-x: 1;
--tw-scale-y: 1;
--tw-pan-x: ;
--tw-pan-y: ;
--tw-pinch-zoom: ;
--tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity;
--tw-gradient-from-position: ;
--tw-gradient-via-position: ;
--tw-gradient-to-position: ;
--tw-ordinal: ;
--tw-slashed-zero: ;
--tw-numeric-figure: ;
--tw-numeric-spacing: ;
--tw-numeric-fraction: ;
--tw-ring-inset: ;
--tw-ring-offset-width: 0px;
--tw-ring-offset-color: #fff;
--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5);
--tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000;
--tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000;
--tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000;
--tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000;
--tw-blur: ;
--tw-brightness: ;
--tw-contrast: ;
--tw-grayscale: ;
--tw-hue-rotate: ;
--tw-invert: ;
--tw-saturate: ;
--tw-sepia: ;
--tw-drop-shadow: ;
--tw-backdrop-blur: ;
--tw-backdrop-brightness: ;
--tw-backdrop-contrast: ;
--tw-backdrop-grayscale: ;
--tw-backdrop-hue-rotate: ;
--tw-backdrop-invert: ;
--tw-backdrop-opacity: ;
--tw-backdrop-saturate: ;
--tw-backdrop-sepia: ;
}
::backdrop {
--tw-border-spacing-x: 0;
--tw-border-spacing-y: 0;
--tw-translate-x: 0;
--tw-translate-y: 0;
--tw-rotate: 0;
--tw-skew-x: 0;
--tw-skew-y: 0;
--tw-scale-x: 1;
--tw-scale-y: 1;
--tw-pan-x: ;
--tw-pan-y: ;
--tw-pinch-zoom: ;
--tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity;
--tw-gradient-from-position: ;
--tw-gradient-via-position: ;
--tw-gradient-to-position: ;
--tw-ordinal: ;
--tw-slashed-zero: ;
--tw-numeric-figure: ;
--tw-numeric-spacing: ;
--tw-numeric-fraction: ;
--tw-ring-inset: ;
--tw-ring-offset-width: 0px;
--tw-ring-offset-color: #fff;
--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5);
--tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000;
--tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000;
--tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000;
--tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000;
--tw-blur: ;
--tw-brightness: ;
--tw-contrast: ;
--tw-grayscale: ;
--tw-hue-rotate: ;
--tw-invert: ;
--tw-saturate: ;
--tw-sepia: ;
--tw-drop-shadow: ;
--tw-backdrop-blur: ;
--tw-backdrop-brightness: ;
--tw-backdrop-contrast: ;
--tw-backdrop-grayscale: ;
--tw-backdrop-hue-rotate: ;
--tw-backdrop-invert: ;
--tw-backdrop-opacity: ;
--tw-backdrop-saturate: ;
--tw-backdrop-sepia: ;
}
.block {
display: block;
}
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